Berberis Vulgaris berb.

Boger's Synoptic Key — Materia Medica

C. M. Boger · Boger's Synoptic Key — Materia Medica · A Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica, 1915 — the Materia Medica half

Region

Urinary and digestive tract: KIDNEYS. Liver. Bladder. Lumbar region (hips). Joints. Uterus. Spermatic cord.

Worse

Motion: Jarring. Stepping hard. Rising from sitting. Fatigue. Urinating.

General

Mentally and physically tired. Sees things in twilight. Many, rapidly changing or alternating symptoms; shooting outward, as in urethra, toes, etc., about or RADIATING from one point; lower spine, etc. Sticking. Soreness. Burning-smarting. Numbness; insensitive to extreme heat or cold. GURGLING or bubbling. Dry mucous membranes; mouth, vagina, etc. Dirty-gray face, gums, feces, etc. Lithæmia. Calculi.

Particulars

As of a thight cap on head. Cold temples. Suppurating acne. Sticky mouth. Foamy, cottony saliva (Nux-m.). Painful pimple at tip of tongue. Pains from stomach to back or the reverse. Torn loose feeling in epigastrium. Biliary and urinary calculi. Colic, pains from gall-bladder to epigastrium; bilious; along ureter, arresting breathing; renal (r). Stools, pale, smarting, tough; watery, with jaundice. Fistula ani. Burning kidneys. Clear discharge from meatus, before urinating. Urine thick, turbid, yellow; red, mealy, sandy or slimy sediment. Dysuria. Genitals: cold, sweaty, pains change sides. Gray or brown mucus replaces menses. Backache with severe prostration. Sore spot under (r) scapula (Chel.). Crushing, stitching, paralysing lumbar pain. Numb lumbar region. Pain from iliac crests down front of thighs; when urinating. Lumbago. Itchy skin. Eruptions leave a brown stain. Chilly. Cold single parts. Everything excites sweating.

Related

Complementary: Mag-m. Related: Benz-ac. Coc-c. Kali-bi. Lyc. Pul.

Keynotes and Characteristics with Comparisons of some of the Leading Remedies of the Materia Medica

H. C. Allen · Keynotes and Characteristics with Comparisons of some of the Leading Remedies of the Materia Medica · homeoint.org / Medi-T HTML text; edition not stated by the mirror (first edition 1898, Allen d. 1909)

Keynote

The renal or vesical symptoms predominate. Pain in small of back; very sensitive to touch in renal region; < when sitting and lying, from jar, from fatigue. Burning and soreness in region of kidneys. Numbness, stiffness, lameness with painful pressure in renal and lumbar regions. Pale, earthy complexion, with sunken cheeks and hollow, blue-encircled eyes. Rheumatic and gouty complaints, with diseases of the urinary organs. Colic from gall-stones. Bilious colic, followed by jaundice; clay-colored stools; fistula in ano, with bilious symptoms and itching of the parts; short cough and chest complaints, especially after operations for fistulae (Cal. p., Sil.). Stitching, cutting pain from left kidney following course of ureter into bladder and urethra (Tab., - r. kidney, Lyc.). Renal colic. < left side (Tab. - either side), with urging and strangury. (Canth.). Rubbing sensation in kidneys (Med.). Urine: greenish, blood-red, with thick, slimy mucus; transparent, reddish or jelly-like sediment. Movement brings on or increases urinary complaints.

Relations

Similar: to, Canth., Lyc., Sars., Tab., in renal colic. Acts well after, Arn., Bry., Kali bi., Rhus, Sulph., in rheumatic affections.

Aggravation

Motion, walking or carriage riding; any sudden jarring movement.

Key-Notes to the Materia Medica

Henry N. Guernsey · Key-Notes to the Materia Medica · homeoint.org / Médi-T HTML text (Guernsey d. 1885; public domain)

General

This remedy affects particularly the lumbar region; kidneys; uterus. The patient is sometimes unable to tell the exact locality, but the pain is somewhere in the back, and shoots up the back; or into the spermatic cord, or testes, bladder, buttocks, or legs. The pain may shoot up or down, or both ways. Pains all over the body, emanating from the region of the back; sticking, pinching, pricking lancinating or jerking character, flying about, now here and now there. There is often a bubbling sensation in the region of the kidneys; this sensation may occur elsewhere, but it is usually found here.

Mental

Indifferent, calm; even apathy.

Head

Feels full and heavy; as if a cap were pulled hard down on the head.

Eyes

Ophthalmia, with the characteristic flying pains from the back; sensation as if sand were between lids and eyes. Bubbling in.

Ears

Sensation of coldness in; of bubbling in.

Nose

Dryness of mucous membrane.

Face

Fatigued, worn-out expression of countenance; sunken cheeks; deep-seated eyes, surrounded with bluish borders.

Mouth

Dry and sticky. Teeth feel as if too long or too large. Much thirst.

Pharynx

Tonsillitis, with sensation of something rough there; stiff neck; feeling of a plug in the throat. Fiery redness. Much thick phlegm.

Gastric

Increased appetite. Taste bitter; like bile. Nausea before breakfast, better after. Empty or bilious eructations. Sticking pain in; whirling pain in.

Abdomen

Sticking pain in; also in liver. Bubbling externally. Violent burning, under the skin; in left side of.

Stool and Anus

Hard stools like sheep dung; or soft, easy stools, with burning in anus.

Urine

Bubbling sensation in region of kidneys; also sticking pains in region of kidneys, bladder, and urethra. Stitch from urethra into bladder; aching in region of bladder; sticking pains from kidneys to bladder. Urine dark yellow, red, like blood. Sediment greenish; mucous; transparent; jelly-like; reddish; bran-like; with a sediment like meal which is easily crushed and dissolved between the fingers; very copious; frequent urging; all increased by motion.

Sexual

Male: Dragging, wretched sort of pain extending into testicles; smarting, burning very intense, in testicles. Depression of sexual instinct. Burning pain in penis. Female: Dysmenorrhœa, with blood looking like grey serum.

Chest

Stitches from without, inward.

Sleep

Drowsiness and weariness in daytime and evening.

Worse

By motion; walking; riding; from fatigue.

Antidote

Camphor.

Seven Hundred Red Line Symptoms from Materia Medica

J. W. Hutchison · Seven Hundred Red Line Symptoms from Materia Medica · rewritten from Hering's and other materia medicas

Red line symptom

Stitching, digging, tearing or pulsative pain in region of one or the other kidneys; violent stitching cutting pains from kidneys to bladder and urethra. Pains in loins and hips while urinating. Dragging or lancinating pain in spermatic cord, extending to the testicles.

Homœopathic Materia Medica

William Boericke · Homœopathic Materia Medica · 9th edition

Common name

Barberry

General

Rapid change of symptoms-pains change in regard to place and character-thirst alternates with thirstlessness, hunger, and loss of appetite, etc. Acts forcibly on the venous system, producing pelvic engorgements and hæmorrhoids.

Hepatic, and rheumatic affections, particularly with urinary, hæmorrhoidal and menstrual complaints.

Old gouty constitutions. Pain in region of kidneys is most marked; hence its use in renal and vesical troubles, gall-stones, and vesical catarrh. It causes inflammation of kidneys with hæmaturia. Pains may be felt all over body, emanating from small of back. It has also marked action on the liver, promoting the flow of bile. Often called for in arthritic affections with urinary disturbances. Wandering, radiating pains. Acts well in fleshy persons, good livers, but with little endurance. Spinal irritation. All Berberis pains radiate, are not worse by pressure, but worse in various attitudes, especially standing and active exercise.

Head

Listless, apathetic, indifferent. Puffy sensation, feeling as if becoming larger. Vertigo with attacks of fainting. Frontal headache. Chilliness in back and occiput. Tearing pain in auricle, and gouty concretions. Sensation of a tight cap pressing upon the whole scalp.

Nose

Dry; obstinate catarrh of left nostril. Crawling in nostrils.

Face

Pale, sickly. Sunken cheeks and eyes, with bluish circles.

Mouth

Sticky sensation. Diminished saliva. Sticky, frothy saliva, like cotton (Nux mosch). Tongue feels scalded, vesicles on tongue.

Stomach

Nausea before breakfast. Heartburn.

Abdomen

Stitches in region of gall-bladder; worse, pressure, extending to stomach. Catarrh of the gall-bladder with constipation and yellow complexion. Stitching pain in front of kidneys extending to liver, spleen, stomach, groins, Poupart's ligament. Sticking deep in ilium.

Stool

Constant urging to stool. Diarrhœa painless, clay-colored, burning, and smarting in anus and perineum. Tearing around anus. Fistula in ano.

Urinary

Burning pains. Sensation as if some urine remained after urinating. Urine with thick mucus and bright-red, mealy sediment. Bubbling, sore sensation in kidneys. Pain in bladder region. Pain in the thighs and loins on urinating. Frequent urination; urethra burns when not urinating.

Male

Neuralgia of spermatic cord and testicles. Smarting, burning, stitching in testicles, in prepuce and scrotum.

Female

Pinching constriction in mons veneris, vaginismus, contraction and tenderness of vagina. Burning and soreness in vagina. Desire diminished, cutting pain during coition. Menses scanty, gray mucus, with pain in kidneys and chilliness, pain down thighs. Leucorrhœa, grayish mucus, with painful urinary symptoms. Neuralgia of ovaries and vagina.

Respiratory

Hoarseness; polypus of larynx. Tearing stitches in chest and region of heart.

Back

Stitches in neck and back; worse, respiration. Sticking pain in region of kidneys radiating thence around abdomen, to hips and groins. Numb, bruised sensation. Stitches from kidneys into bladder. Tearing, sticking with stiffness, making rising difficult, involving hips, nates, limbs, with numbness. Lumbago (Rhus; Tart em). Metatarsus and metacarpus feel sprained. Post-operative pain in lumbar region; soreness with sharp pain following course of circumflex iliac nerve to bladder with frequent urination.

Extremities

Rheumatic paralytic pain in shoulders, arms, hands and fingers, legs and feet. Neuralgia under finger-nails, with swelling of finger-joints. Sensation of cold on outside of thighs. Heels pain, as if ulcerated. Stitching between metatarsal bones as from a nail when standing. Pain in balls of feet on stepping. Intense weariness and lameness of legs after walking a short distance.

Skin

Flat warts. Itching, burning and smarting; worse, scratching; better, cold applications. Small pustules over whole body. Eczema of anus and hands. Circumscribed pigmentation following eczematous inflammation.

Fever

Cold sensation in various parts, as if spattered with cold water. Warmth in lower part of back, hips, and thighs.

Modalities

Worse, motion, standing. It brings on, or increases, urinary complaints.

Relationship

Compare: Ipomea-Convolvulus Duratinus-Morning Glory. --(Pain in left lumbar muscles on stooping. Kidney disorders with pain in back. Much abdominal flatulence. Aching in top of right shoulder renal colic; aching in small of back and extremities), Aloe; Lycopod; Nux; Sarsap. Xanthorrhea arborea (severe pain in kidneys, cystitis and gravel. Pain from ureter to bladder and testicles; pain in small of back returns from least chill or damp). Xanthoriza apifolia-Shrub Yellow Root--contains Berberine. Dilatation of stomach and intestines, atony, enlarged spleen.

Antidotes: Camphor; Bell.

Dose

Tincture, to sixth potency.

Leaders in Homoeopathic Therapeutics

E. B. Nash · Leaders in Homoeopathic Therapeutics · homeoint.org / Médi-T HTML text (Nash d. 1917; public domain)

Leaders

Bruised pain, with numbness, stiffness and lameness in region of kidneys < in bed in the morning.

Soreness in the region of the kidneys; bubbling sensation, < stepping or jarring motion.

Rheumatism or pains, like gouty pains in the joints; the pains radiate from a center.

"Bruised pain, with stiffness and lameness in the small of the back." "Rise from a seat with difficulty." "Backache worse when sitting or lying, especially when lying in bed in the morning." "Sensation of numbness, stiffness and lameness, with painful pressure in lumbar and renal regions." These pains sometimes extend all through the hips. Guernsey says: "A great many old troubles in the back. Sufferings in the back aggravated by fatigue." One might say all these symptoms are found under Rhus tox. True, but in the Berberis cases they all come from or are in connection with kidney or urinary troubles, Rhus tox. seldom so. The pains extend often into the bladder and urethra, and the urine itself is changed. It may have a turbid, flocculent, clay-like, copious, mucous sediment, or a reddish, mealy sediment, or be blood-red, but the persistent pains in the back are the leading indications. It is especially to be thought of in arthritic and rheumatic affections, when these back symptoms connected with urinary alterations are present. One very characteristic symptom is a bubbling sensation in the region of the kidneys. Another is soreness in region of kidneys when jumping out of a wagon or stepping hard downstairs or from any jarring movement. There is almost always, in the back troubles of Berberis a great deal of prostration or a sense of weakness across the back, and the face looks pale, earthy complexion, with sunken cheeks and hollow eyes, with blue circles under them. No matter what ails the patient, if he has persistent pain as above described in the region of the kidneys do not forget Berberis.

Text Book of Materia Medica

Adolph Lippe · Text Book of Materia Medica · homeoint.org / Médi-T HTML text (Lippe d. 1888; public domain)

Mind and Disposition

Indifference, apathy. Melancholy, inclination to weep.

Head

Darting and shooting pains in the head, often changing their locality. Heat in the head after dinner, or in the afternoon. Headache aggravated by movement, relieved in the open air.

Eyes

Dryness of, or biting, -burning, or itching sensation in the eyes. Itching in the canthi, eyebrows, and eyelids.

Ears

Stitches in the ear.

Nose

Dryness in the nose.

Face

Pale face, with a dingy-grayish tinge, sunken cheeks, and deep-seated eyes, surrounded with bluish and blackish-gray border.

Mouth

The mouth feels dry and sticky. Painful white blisters on the tip of the tongue.

Throat

Inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx, with swelling and fiery redness, and a sensation as if a lump were lodged in the side of the throat ; expectoration of a quantity of thick, yellow, jelly-like mucus, -white, sticky tongue, viscid saliva resembling soap-suds.

Appetite and Taste

Thirst and dryness of the mouth. Taste bitter.

Abdomen

Pressure in the region of the liver. Burning under the skin, in the left side of the abdomen.

Stool and Anus

Hard, scanty stool, (like sheep's dung). Watery evacuations. Burning, stinging pain in the anus, before, during, and after stool. Hæmorrhoidal tumors, with burning pain after stool. Painful pressure in the perinæum ; stitches in the perinæum, extending deep into the (left side) pelvis (fistula in ano).

Urine

Lancinating or tearing pulsative pains in the region of the kidneys ; worse when stooping and rising again, sitting or lying ; better when standing. Violent sticking pains in the bladder, extending from the kidneys into the urethra, with urging to urinate. Frequently recurring, crampy, contractive pain, or aching pain, in the bladder, when the bladder is full or empty. Stitches in the urethra, extending into the bladder. Stitches and burning in the urethra. Frequent urging to urinate. Urine dark yellow, red, becoming turbid, copious ; mucous sediment, or transparent, jelly-like or reddish, bran-like sediment. Greenish urine, depositing mucus. Blood-red urine, depositing a copious, slimy, bright-red, bran-like sediment. During urination, burning in the urethra, with pressure on the bladder. After urination, burning in the urethra, or bladder, pressure in the bladder, cutting, burning, and stitches in the urethra. Movement brings on or increases the urinary difficulties. With the symptoms in the urinary organs, pain in the loins and hips.

Sexual Organs

Men. Dragging or lancinating pains in the spermatic cord, extending into the testicles. Cold feeling in the prepuce and scrotum. Women. Catamenia too scanty, painful (pain in the small of the back). Menses, consisting of gray mucus or brown blood. Suppressed menstruation.

Chest

Stitches in the chest (left side).

Back

Stitches in the spine. Numbness in the small of the back. Pain in the small of the back ; worse when sitting mind lying in the morning, when awaking (during menstruation).

Generalities

Great weakness, like fainting, after a walk, with perspiration and heat on the upper part of the body ; cold, pale, sunken face and oppression of breathing.

Sleep

Great sleepiness daring the day and after dinner. Sleep unrefreshing.

Fever

Pulse slow and weak, or full, hard and rapid. Chilliness, with hot face, followed by heat, with perspiration, or burning heat in the afternoon, increasing during the night. Perspires easily from the least exertion.

Conditions

Rheumatic and gouty complaints, with diseases of the urinary organs. Movement increases or causes the complaints.

A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica

John Henry Clarke · A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica · 1st edition (1900-02, three volumes); homeoint.org / Médi-T HTML digitization

General

Barberry. (Britain.) N. O. Berberidaceæ. Tincture of the bark of the root.

Clinical

Biliary colic. Bilious attack. Bladder affections. Calculus . Duodenum, catarrh of. Dysmenorrhœa. Fevers. Fistula. Gall-stones. Gravel . Herpes. Irritation . Jaundice. Joint affections. Knee, pain in . Leucorrhœa. Liver disorder. Lumbago . Ophthalmia. Oxaluria . Renal colic. Polypus. Rheumatism. Sacrum, pain in. Side pain . Spermatic cords, neuralgia of. Spleen, affections of. Tumours. Urine, disorders of . Vaginismus.

Characteristics

The usual preparations of Berberis are made from the root bark. Berberis mahonia has a great local repute in the popular treatment of the low fever (typhoid) of the Rocky mountains, an infusion of the fresh plant being used. Chills and fever are among the prominent effects of Berb. vulg.: "Coldness of body with hot face, commencing 11 a.m.; burning heat in afternoon, < during night." Ague with enlargement of spleen, of spleen pains. Affections of liver and kidneys are strongly marked; but Berb . is a medicine of wide range. Movement < its complaints. Stitches are frequent, and a "bubbling sensation" or "bubbling stitches" are characteristic. A bubbling feeling as if water were coming up through the skin. Tearing, burning pains or bubbling sensation in joints. The mental condition is one of indifference, apathy. Melancholy, with inclination to weep. There is aversion to darkness, terrifying apparitions in the twilight. In the head there is vertigo and heaviness. Darting and shooting pains often changing their localities; < movement, > open air. Heat of head after dinner or in afternoon. Puffy feeling in head; as if it were becoming larger. Scalp tense. The face is pale, with dingy grey tinge, sunken cheeks, deep-set eyes, surrounded with bluish and blackish grey border. Mouth dry and sticky; painful white blisters on tip of tongue. The pit of the stomach is puffed up. Sticking pain in region of liver and gall-bladder shooting up to left shoulder, < by pressure. Gall-stone colic, followed by jaundice. Gnawing pain in right hypochondrium, shooting up to left scapula. Pains shoot down from tenth rib to navel. Burning in either inguinal region (especially right). Berberis produces both constipation (sheep-dung stools) and diarrhœa, and a number of symptoms about the anus. Hæmorrhoids, with itching or burning, particularly after stool, which frequently is hard and covered with blood. Fistula in ano with painful pressure in perinæum, extending deep into pelvis (left side). The urinary organs are markedly affected. The emission of urine is frequently accompanied by pains in thighs and loins. Lancinating, or tearing, bubbling pains in region of kidneys; < stooping and rising again, sitting or lying; > standing. Violent sticking pains in bladder, extending from kidneys into urethra, with urging to urinate. Many cases of (especially right) renal colic have been cured by it. Frequent urging to urinate. Urine dark yellow, red, becoming turbid, copious; mucous sediment, or transparent, jelly-like or reddish, bran-like sediment. Urine slimy when passed, depositing copious loamy yellowish sediment. Greenish urine depositing mucus. During urination burning in urethra, or bladder, pressure in bladder, cutting, burning, or stitches in urethra. Dragging or lancinating pains in spermatic cord, extending into testes. Cold feeling in prepuce, glans, testes, and scrotum. In the female a marked symptom is absence of pleasurable sensation during coition. Uterine symptoms and leucorrhœa associated with painful urinary symptoms. Dysmenorrhœa, pains radiating in all directions down thighs, &c. Vagina intensely painful; reddened. Violent pain in back, with menses which are too scanty. It is a leading remedy in lumbago; pains extend from back, round body, down leg; with red sediment in urine. Numbness, stiffness, and lameness in kidney region. Many old troubles in the back. Sufferings < by fatigue. Aching in small of back; < sitting; or lying; in the morning on awakening. Neuralgia under finger-nails. B. Simmons has verified a symptom of Berb . which may be regarded as characteristic. A gentleman of 52 complained of rheumatic pains in his legs and loss of walking power. After he had walked a short distance he was compelled to stop from a feeling of intense weariness, heaviness, lameness, and stiffness of the legs, which fell sore as if bruised . A single dose effected a complete cure, improvement commencing on the fourth day. Stuart Close ( H. P. xix. 218) records the cure with Berb . 200 of a woman who had cutting, burning pains in the balls of the feet on stepping. On, standing with most of the weight on the heels she had no pain. On rising in morning sensation in soles as if stepping on needles. There is great weakness, like fainting, after a walk, with perspiration and heat on the upper part of the body; cold, pale, sunken face and oppression of breathing. Great relaxation, with disinclination to do anything. On the indication "tumours and sessile growths," Ozanam cured a case of polypus of vocal cords, red, with a sessile base. Thuja had failed. Berb . 200 was given at first with good effect, the attenuation being gradually reduced with increasingly good effect until the growth disappeared entirely under the 1x, Guernsey admirably sums up the remedy as follows: "Affects particularly the lumbar region; kidneys; uterus. The patient is sometimes unable to tell the exact locality, but the pain is somewhere in the back and shoots up the back; or into the spermatic cord, or testes, bladder, buttocks or legs. The pain may shoot up or down, or both ways. Pains may be felt all over the body, emanating from the back; the pains are of a sticking, pricking, lancinating, or jerking character, flying about now here and now there. There is often a bubbling sensation in the region of the kidneys; this sensation may occur elsewhere, but it is usually found here." Great sleepiness during day and after dinner. After riding much, great sense of weakness in kidney region. Suited to: Bilious diathesis. Cases where renal or vesical symptoms are prominent.

Relations

Compare: Alo., Ant. t., Arsen., Calc., Calc. ph. (fistula in ano; chest symptoms, especially after surgical operation); Canth., Carb. v., Cham., Chi., Lyc., Nat. m., Nit. ac., Nux v., Pul., Rheum. In burning and pricking pains in anus: Lyc., Thuj. In duodenal catarrh: Chi., Lyc., Hydrast., Pod., Ric. com., Merc. In aversion to darkness: Stram., Am. m., Calc., Carb. an., Stro., Val. In pains in feet on stepping: Cycl. Botanical relations: Podo., Caulo., Berb. aq. Antidoted by: Camph., Bell. Antidote to: Aco. An occasional dose of Lyc. helped action of Berb. Follows well: Bry., Kali bi., Rhus, Sul.

Mind

Careless, calm, apathetic humour. ─ Ill-humour, disgust to life. ─ Melancholy, inclination to weep, with dislike to conversation. ─ Anxiety, great fear and disposition to take fright. ─ In the twilight, all objects seem larger than they really are. ─ Intellectual labours are performed with difficulty and prove fatiguing, esp. in the morning.

Head

Vertigo, with sensation as in fainting, and great weakness. ─ Vertigo on stooping and on making use of the arms. ─ Feeling of intoxication and giddiness. ─ Confusion and heaviness of the head, often with pressure, dejection, ill-humour and shiverings, commencing in the morning, after waking. ─ Head confused, as before a coryza. ─ Sensation, as if the size of the head were increased. ─ Sensation of swelling in the head. ─ Aching, tensive pains in the forehead, in the temples, and in the eyes. ─ Cephalalgia in the forehead and in the temples, as if from pressure from the inside outwards. ─ Headache < by movement, > in open air. ─ Acute, shooting pains in the forehead and in the temples. ─ Darting and shooting pains in the head after changing the locality. ─ Teguments of the head as if they were stretched and swollen. ─ Head feels full and heavy, as if a cap were pulled hard down on head. ─ Heat in the head after dinner (or in afternoon) and in the morning. ─ Sweat after exertion, on stooping, and on standing for any time. ─ Small red spots in the forehead and in the cheeks. ─ Itching or gnawing shootings in the teguments of the head and of the face. ─ Pustules in the teguments of the head and in the face.

Eyes

Eyes sunk, with a blue or dirty grey circle. ─ Aching and sensation of burning in the eyes. ─ Painful sensibility of the eyes on reading by candle-light. ─ Sensation of stiffness, with pressure in the eyes. ─ Shootings in the eyes, originating in other parts (for instance, the forehead), and extending towards the eyes, and thence to the forehead. ─ Burning and dryness in the eyes, which are dull. ─ Dryness of, or biting-burning, or itching sensation in the eyes. ─ Itching in the canthi, eyebrows, and eyelids. ─ Redness of the conjunctiva, with confused sight, as if there were a veil before the eyes, in the morning after rising. ─ Ophthalmia, with the characteristic flying pains from the back; sensation as if sand were between lids and eyes. ─ Bubbling in eyes. ─ Indistinct sight, better near than at a distance. ─ Sensibility of the eyes to the brightness of the sun. ─ Sharp pains in the ball of the eye, and in the eyelids. ─ Heaviness in the eyelids during motion. ─ Burning or gnawing pains in the eyelids. ─ Convulsive movement of the eyelids when reading by candle-light.

Ears

Itching, sometimes gnawing, sometimes burning, sometimes shooting, sometimes with small pustules in the exterior parts of the ears. ─ Small tumour, size of hazel-nut, under and behind ear, apparently enlarged gland. ─ Acute and shooting pains in the interior of the ear and in other parts. ─ Stitches in the ear. ─ Sensation of coldness in; bubbling in.

Nose

Dryness in the nose. ─ Coryza, with secretion, at first of yellowish serum, afterwards of purulent, whitish, yellowish, or greenish mucus, esp. in the morning. ─ Crawling or gnawing pains in the nostrils.

Face

Heat, and bluish colour of the interior of the lower lip. ─ Dryness of the lips, and exfoliation of the epidermis, with a flat, brownish crust upon the edges. ─ Sensation of burning on the exterior of the lips. ─ Sensation of tingling on the lips. ─ Small pustules in the lips. ─ Acute aching or acute shooting pains in the cheek-bone and in the jaw. ─ Great paleness of face, dirty grey complexion, with hollow cheeks and sunk eyes, surrounded by a bluish or dark grey circle. ─ Aspect, one of great and prolonged dejection. ─ Feeling as if cold drops spurted into face on going into open air.

Teeth

Acute drawing pains and shootings in the teeth, with a sensation as if the teeth were set on edge, or too long or too large; also with great sensibility of the teeth to the fresh air, esp. in the afternoon and at night. ─ Ulcer in the gums. ─ Small white painless nodes in the gums. ─ Dirty red colour of the edges of the gums. ─ Bleeding of the gums.

Mouth

Painful sensibility of the tongue to the touch and to motion. ─ Stiffness and sensation of swelling at the end of the tongue. ─ Painful, whitish vesicles at the end of the tongue. ─ Sensation of dryness, clammy taste in the mouth, more disagreeable in the morning after rising, with harshness of the mucous membranes, and white tongue. ─ Diminution of the secretion of saliva, or viscid, frothy saliva.

Throat

Inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx, with swelling and fiery redness, and a sensation as if a lump were lodged in the side of the throat; expectoration of a quantity of thick, yellow, jelly-like mucus. ─ White, sticky tongue, viscid saliva resembling soap-suds. ─ Tonsillitis, with sensation of something rough there; stiff-neck; feeling of a plug in the throat.

Appetite

Taste bitter. ─ Acid, bitter taste, esp. after a meal. ─ Thirst and dryness of the mouth. ─ Burning and acrid taste in the mouth and in the throat, as if from pyrosis. ─ Excessive appetite, almost like bulimy. ─ Want of appetite, with bitter, bilious taste. ─ Food appears insipid.

Stomach

Nausea before breakfast, better after. ─ Nausea and inclination to vomit before dinner. ─ Risings alternately with yawning. ─ Bilious risings. ─ Shiverings in the epigastrium. ─ Aching, with shooting pains in the epigastrium. ─ Burning, shooting pains in the stomach, sometimes extending to the pharynx. ─ Sticking pain in gastric region; whirling pain in.

Abdomen

Cramp-like pains under the navel. ─ Shooting, aching pains in the hepatic region, increased by pressure. ─ Pressure in the region of the liver. ─ Burning under the skin, in the l. side of the abdomen. ─ Bubbling externally. ─ Violent burning, under the skin; in l. side of abdomen. ─ Drawing, acute, and shooting pains in the region of the l. hypochondrium. ─ Sensation of tension in the groins, as if hernia were about to protrude, esp. when walking or standing. ─ Aching pains in the region of the inguinal glands, which are painful on being touched, as if they were going to swell. ─ Pain, with throbbing shootings in the groins, esp. when walking and standing, extending to the testes, the thighs, and the loins. ─ Varicose veins in the groins.

Stool and Anus

Hard stools like sheep dung; or soft, easy stools, with burning in anus.

Urinary Organs

Bubbling sensation in region of kidneys. ─ Lancinating or tearing pulsative pain in the region of the kidneys; worse when stooping and rising again, sitting or lying; better when standing. ─ Violent sticking pains in the bladder, extending from the kidneys into the urethra, with urging to urinate. ─ Frequently recurring, crampy, contractive pain, or aching pain, in the bladder, when the bladder is full or empty. ─ Incisive pains in the urethra, even when not in the act of making water. ─ Smarting pain in the urethra, with sensation of excoriation, even during the emission of semen in coition. ─ Motion excites and aggravates the pains in the urethra. ─ Burning pains in the urethra when making water, and afterwards, but esp. at other times. ─ Stitches and burning in the urethra. ─ Shooting pains in the urethra, extending to the bladder. ─ Aching pains in the region of the bladder, even when it is empty, and after making water. ─ Contractive, drawing, acute, incisive, and cramp-like pains in the bladder. ─ Shooting, violent pains in the loins, extending to the bladder. ─ Sensation of burning in the bladder. ─ Pressure on making water. ─ Urgent inclination to make water, esp. in the morning after rising. ─ Increased secretion of urine, which is as clear as water. ─ Urine pale yellowish, with slimy, gelatinous, mealy sediment, white, greyish white, or reddish. ─ Urine thick, yellowish, like whey, or clay-coloured water. ─ Urine of a deep yellow, with abundant sediment. ─ Urine dark yellow, red, becoming turbid, copious; mucous sediment, or transparent, jelly-like reddish, bran-like sediment (which is easily crushed and dissolved between the fingers). ─ Greenish urine, depositing mucus. ─ Urine reddish, as if inflamed, with abundant sediment. ─ Urine reddish, sanguineous, with slimy, mealy, and abundant sediment, of a bright red colour. ─ The emission of urine is often accompanied by pains in the thighs and in the loins.

Male Sexual Organs

Burning, smarting pains in the glans. ─ Sensation of cold in the glans and in the prepuce, sometimes with sensation of torpor. ─ Cold feeling in the prepuce and scrotum. ─ Sensation of weakness and insensibility in the external genital parts. ─ The penis seems to be shrivelled and retracted. ─ Burning pain in penis. ─ Aching, drawing, contractive pains in the testes and in the spermatic cords, with contraction of the scrotum, which appears cold and shrivelled. ─ Pains, as from excoriation in the scrotum. ─ Movement excites or aggravates the majority of the symptoms in the genital parts. ─ Smarting, burning, shooting, drawing, or squeezing pains in the spermatic cords, extending to the testes. ─ Swelling of the spermatic cord, with pains verging towards the testes. ─ Sensation of great weakness of the genital parts after coition. ─ Diminution of sexual desire. ─ Premature emission in coition.

Female Sexual Organs

Tardy enjoyment in women, during coition, and often accompanied with incisive or shooting pains. ─ Sensation of burning and excoriation in the vagina, extending to the labia. ─ Pale catamenia, composed of serous blood. ─ Menses, consisting of grey mucus or brown blood. ─ Suppressed menstruation. ─ During the catamenia, pains in the genital parts and in the loins, or violent pains in the head, with sensation of fainting. ─ Catamenia insufficient, with acute drawing pains in the whole body, painful inflation of the abdomen, pain in the loins, shootings in the chest, dejected aspect, with violent pains in the head; or with ill-humour, disgust of life, dejection, smarting pains in the vagina, sensation of burning and excoriation in the anus, and pains in the arms, as far as the shoulders and the nape of the neck.

Respiratory Organs

(Sessile polypus of vocal cord.). ─ Hoarseness, with soreness or inflammation of the glands of the neck.

Chest

Sensation of excoriation in the chest. ─ Oppression of the chest, esp. at night, with violent flowing of the coryza. ─ Shooting pains in the centre of the chest, increased deep breathing, with dry, short cough. ─ Painful shootings in the l. side of the chest.

Heart

Squeezing, with shootings, in the region of the heart. ─ Palpitation of the heart.

Neck and Back

Drawing, acute rheumatic pains in the nape of the neck. ─ Pustules in the nape of the neck, in groups, esp. near the scalp. ─ Shooting pains between the shoulder-blades, increased by breathing. ─ Acute drawing pains in the dorsal spine. ─ Bubbling sensation in back. ─ Stitches in the spine. ─ Pustules in the back. ─ Sensation of tension, of stiffness, and of torpor in the loins, as if they were swollen or benumbed. ─ Aching, tensive, acute, drawing, or shooting pains in the loins. ─ Sensation of tensive pressure in the loins, often with heaviness, heat, or torpor of these parts, esp. in the morning on waking, aggravated by sitting or lying, sometimes diminished by evacuations, or by the emission of wind. ─ Pain in the small of the back; worse when sitting and lying, in the morning when awaking (during menstruation).

Upper Limbs

Sensation of lassitude, of paralysis, and of bruising in the arms, esp. during motion, provoked or aggravated by pressure. ─ Acute pains in the arms. ─ Pains in the shoulder, as of subcutaneous ulceration. ─ Marbled spots on the arms, with burning itching. ─ Cramp-like pains in the forearm. ─ Tractive, acute pains in the forearm and in the bones, extending to the hand and the joints of the fingers, with heaviness and weakness of the arm. ─ Burning or smarting pains in the forearm, aggravated by friction or scratching, and sometimes followed by a red spot. ─ Small itching spots, like petechiæ, on the forearm and on the back of the hand near the wrist. ─ Lymphatic swelling of the forearm, with spots like petechiæ and burning pains in the skin. ─ Drawing, acute pains in the joints of the hand and of the fingers. ─ Aching, digging, violent pains in the back of the hand, with sensation of heaviness. ─ Urticarial spot on the back of the hand. ─ Small warts in the fleshy part of the hand, under the thumb. ─ Sensation in the extremity of the finger, as if caused by subcutaneous ulceration. ─ Flat wart on the finger. ─ Redness of the hands, with itching, as if from chilblains. ─ Neuralgic pain under nails; tender to touch.

Lower Limbs

Sensation of weariness and pain, as of fatigue, in the legs, sometimes with heaviness, stiffness, and a sensation of paralysis, as after a very long walk, or as from dislocation in the parts affected, esp. in the soft parts, but also in the bones, and easily excited by movement. ─ Great weakness of the legs while walking. ─ Sensation in the legs as if they had wasted away. ─ Tensive pains in the thighs, in the calves of the legs, and in the knees, as if tendons were too short. ─ Drawing, tensive pains in the legs. ─ Starting of the muscles of the legs. ─ Sensation of cold on the outside of the thighs, as if from quicksilver circulating under the skin. ─ Sensation of weariness, of bruising, and of paralysis in the knees while walking, and afterwards, as well as on rising after having been seated a long time. ─ Lymphatic swelling of the tendo Achillis, with pains on lifting the foot, and a sensation as if the foot were bearing a heavy load. ─ Swelling of the foot after movement, with sensation of burning, swelling of the heel, and cramp in the foot. ─ Sensation of dislocation in the joints of the toes. ─ Heels pain as if ulcerated on standing. ─ Stitches between metatarsal bones, as from a nail when standing. ─ Tearing in balls of feet, with pain when stepping on them. ─ At every step stinging in the big toe. ─ Burning pain in the soles of the feet, esp. in the evening. ─ Drawing, acute, or burning pains in the toes. ─ Pain of excoriation in the toes, with redness, as if from chilblains.

Generalities

Pulling, shooting, and gnawing pains, or pains as from fatigue in the limbs, aggravated or excited by movement. ─ Muscular palpitations. ─ Bubbling sensations and bubbling stitches. ─ Paralytic weakness in some parts. ─ Lymphatic swellings. ─ Great lassitude, increased by walking, or by remaining long in a standing posture. ─ Sinking, after the slightest effort. ─ Weakness, which even induces trembling. ─ Weakness, as from fainting, with vertigo, on walking or standing for some time. ─ After a walk, a fainting fit, with ebullition of the blood, sweat and heat of the upper part of the body, paleness of face, hollow cheeks, and oppression of the chest before going to rest. ─ Fainting, after having been in a carriage. ─ Sessile growths.

Skin

Small pustules, red, burning, itching or shooting, and painful on being touched, upon the skin over the whole body: they change into brownish spots, like large freckles. ─ Warts: small, flat.

Sleep

Sleepiness during the day, esp. in the morning and afternoon; after dinner. ─ Unquiet sleep, disturbed by burning itching of the skn, or by anxious dreams. ─ Sleep unrefreshing. ─ Waking in the morning between two and four o'clock, without being able to go to sleep again, with tension and congestion in the head, and thirst. ─ Sleep greatly prolonged, with pain, as of a bruise, and pressure on the loins, and on the thighs. ─ Frequent waking, and fatigue, as from want of sleep.

Fever

Shiverings before dinner, and sometimes after, with feet icy cold, mouth dry and clammy, and pains in the l. side of the epigastrium. ─ Shiverings in the morning in the back, in the arms and in the thighs, followed by burning heat, with giddiness and violent shooting pains in the head, and sore throat; on the third day, sweat, smelling like urine. ─ Heat in the hands and head in the afternoon, continuing for several days. ─ Disposition to sweat on the least exertion, esp. in the afternoon, with anxiety. ─ Thirst, with the mouth dry, esp. in the afternoon. ─ Pulse slow and weak, or full, hard and rapid.

The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica

Constantine Hering · The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica · 1879–91

Mind

Defective recollection and weak memory.
Terrifying apparitions in twilight.
Mental labor, requiring close thinking, very difficult ; the least interruption breaks the chain of thought.
Melancholy, inclination to weep.
Indifference, apathy.
Indifference and pensiveness, with disinclination to speak.
Anxious and fearful.
Anxiousness while sitting, standing, or moving.
Fretful humor, with weariness of life.

Sensorium

Vertigo and dizziness in head.
Vertigo : with danger of falling ; when stooping and when rising ; struggling with arms when rising ; with dizziness, faintness, pressure in forehead, succeeded by chills.
Dulness and heaviness in head.
Tensive pain, also with pressure in temples and forehead.
Feeling of drunkenness, dizziness, vacuity, confusion, heaviness in head , especially in front, with pressure in sinciput, attended with alternating chilliness and heat from morning till afternoon, succeeded by a nasal flux and sneezing, as if catarrh
would arise, but which does not appear.

Inner head

Dulness of head like from coryza.
Heaviness in head, when stooping, as if brain would fall forward, with a sensation of bubbling, as if all would prolapse from forehead.
Pressure from within outward, particularly in forehead, but also in temples and occiput.
Tensive pain, also with pressure in temples and forehead, or with dulness of whole head.
Pressing, straining, bursting headache, especially in sinciput, chiefly in morning, < by stooping, > in open air ; with weariness and exhaustion.
Tearing in forehead and orbits.
Shooting, wringing, rending stitches above forehead and temples.
Rending in different parts, particularly in temples and occiput, arising from neck or extending to it ; from edge of orbit towards nose or upward to forehead, or into orbits.
Tearing pain in whole head, now here, now there, in forehead and temples.
Stitches in forehead.
Sudden stitches from eyes to forehead.
Darting and shooting pains in head, often changing their locality.
A peculiar cold sensation in right temple.
Heat in head after dinner, or in afternoon, and from exertion.
A puffy sensation in whole head.
A feeling in head as if it was becoming larger.
Fulness in head with sensation as if head was enlarged.
Headache aggravated by movement or stooping, > in open air.
Headache : accompanied by hepatic or rheumatic arthritic complaints ; or with affections of urinary organs ; or with menstrual derangements.

Outer head

In skin of head and face a tension as if it was bloated, or covered with a cap, or benumbed, with difficulty to move it.
Tension of scalp and skin, as if swollen.
Itching, with burning and stitches on scalp and face, more on occiput, especially in evening, and changing its place after scratching.
Hot temples and cold cheeks.
Biting, gnawing on scalp and face.
Burning, pricking along edge of hair on head.
Single pimples on scalp and face, more on occiput, forehead and temples.

Sight and eyes

Shuns the light.
Illusions ; in twilight objects appear twice as large as natural.
Dim sight, all objects looking dark, as if through a veil, or running together, with itching around eyes and in face, preceded by incipient catarrh, succeeded by itching on legs.
Pressure in eyes.
Tearing in left eye ; also in lids.
Tearing in forehead and orbits.
Tearing near orbits with lachrymation ; eyes and nose moist.
Painfulness of eyes.
Sudden shooting ; arising from forehead and temples, or extending to them.
Violent shooting pains through eyes into brain, or from temples to eyes ; sometimes into arms, or from knee to eye. θ After operation for strabismus.
Biting, burning, or itching sensation in eyes.
Dryness of eyes, with burning and redness of conjunctiva.
Irritation in eyes, as if from sand, heat and burning, with a cloudy appearance.
Conjunctivitis, with inflamed lachrymal caruncle.
Cold feeling in eye, like from a cool wind, with lachrymation when closing eyes.
Coldness of eyes.
Eye symptoms < out-doors, < moving eyes.
Quivering of eyelids when reading by candlelight.
Sensation of sand between lids ; dryness of internal canthus and sensation as of a foreign body there.
Sticky feeling and white scum on dry eyelids, morning.
Itching, burning and smarting in lids, or in canthi, frequently only on small spots.
Red spot on left eyelid, feels like a mosquito-bite, but swelling nearly closes eye ; next day other spots on face, behind ear, and on neck ; third day on chin and nose, with itching and burning ; in evening covered with small vesicles, oozing watery fluid.
Itching in canthi, eyebrows and eyelids.
Inflammation of lachrymal caruncles.
Dryness in internal canthus.
Tearing, especially in lids.

Hearing and ears

Beating, and fluttering noise in ear.
Stopped up feeling in ear, with pressure.
Throbbing and roaring in ears.
Drawing, pressure, urging with stitches in ears.
Stitches in ear.
Tearing and stitches in ears, through membrana tympani, as if a nail was thrust through, or like from sting of an insect.
Shooting behind right ear in attacks, < every evening.
Outward piercing in ear, as if with a sharp-pointed instrument.
Tearing, alternately in ear and other parts of body.
Alternating heat and coldness on external ear.
Pimples in front of ear.
Pimples ; nodosities, size of hemp seed, on auricle, painful to touch.
Tumor behind ear, size of a hazel-nut.

Smell and nose

Crawling, smarting, or itching in nose.
Titillating irritation to sneeze.
From left nostril a few drops of clear blood.
Dryness of nose. θ Epistaxis.
Dry nose, succeeded by a chronic catarrh with an offensive discharge.
The nose and eyes moist, with sneezing, as if catarrh was commencing.
Indication of catarrh, succeeded by violent ophthalmic complaints.
During flowing catarrh, oppression on chest, particularly at night.
Catarrh of nose, lasting for months, with catarrh of antra.
Highmori and frontal cavities, with moderate secretion of a yellowish or greenish mucus, more copious in morning, and having a pungent smell or taste.
Chronic coryza on left side, pains extending to Highmorian cavity.
Purulent yellow or greenish discharge. θ Coryza.
Obstinate catarrh of left nostril, with secretion, first of yellow water, later purulent white, yellow or green mucus ; empyreumatic smell and taste, particularly in morning.
Pricking in point of nose.

Upper face

Tearing and stitches in cheek and jaw bones.
Squeezing, rending and stinging pain in facial bones and in upper and lower jaw, as if from a blow, extending to temples.
Pains extending into Highmorian cavity ; left side. θ Coryza.
Dark red, painful spot on right cheek.
Greenish face, with blue rings and pink eyes.
For a long time has a fatigued, worn-out expression of countenance.
Pale, earthy complexion, with sunken cheeks and hollow, blue encircled eyes. θ Fistula in ano.
Chilly feeling on cheek.
Sensation of chilliness, succeeded by deep red spots on cheek, attended with heat extending over face in afternoon.
Heat and redness in face.
Heat and burning of face, with red cheeks.
Dark red spot on cheek, after a chilly feeling, then spreading over whole face.
Burning and itching on cheeks.
Cold shivering sweats on face.
Sensation as if cold drops were spurted in face when going into open air.
Tension of scalp and skin of face, as if swollen.
Bright red, inflamed pimples on cheeks and lips, ulcerated in centres.

Lower face

Dingy red, bluish spot on inner side of lower lip.
Lips bluish on inside.
Formication in upper lip, around mouth and chin.
Burning, itching, crawling and quivering in lips.
Lips dry, viscid, peeling off, with thin scabs.
Dryness of lips, with scaling and formation of thin brown scurf on edges.
Pea-shaped vesicles on lower lip.

Teeth and gums

Scraping, gnawing pain in teeth.
Teeth as if too long, sensitive to touch and to air.
Tearing in left upper molar.
Piercing pain in hollow teeth of lower jaw.
Teeth as if too large. Compare Niccol.
Stitches in teeth ; they feel too long or dull.
Pain as if gums were torn, or tooth pulled out.
Dingy red edge of gums ; small white nodules on gums.
Gums bleed easily.
Ulcer at an upper molar or incisor.
Sore gums during dentition.
Suppurating ulcers above incisors and molars.

Taste, speech, tongue

Taste : of blood ; bitter ; sour.
Tongue smarts when touched.
Slimy furred tongue. θ Hemorrhoids.
Painful white blisters on tip of tongue.

Inner mouth

Offensive metallic odor from mouth.
Mouth and fauces dry and viscid, especially in morning, with a white tongue and frothy saliva ; > after eating.
Saliva sticky, like soapsuds.
Sticky, frothy saliva, like cotton.
Ugly bluish-red spots in mouth.
Under lip bluish-red on internal surface.
On internal surface of cheeks and lips, red, painful, deeply suppurating pimples and watery pustules of size of a pea.
Aphthæ.

Palate and throat

Increased redness of palate and tonsils ; tonsils pain when speaking or swallowing ; stitching like from an awn in throat.
Sensation of a plug in side of throat, with dryness, roughness and scraping ; severe pain from empty deglutition.
Inflammation of tonsils and pharynx, with swelling and fiery redness, and a sensation as if a lump was lodged in side of throat ; expectoration of a quantity of thick, yellow, jelly-like mucus ; white, sticky tongue ; viscid saliva resembling soapsuds.
Empty swallowing hurts in throat.
A sensation of stiffness in throat, in some cases only on one side as if there were varicose veins. Compare Pulsat.
Scratching in throat, which compels hawking, especially in morning.
Scratching and burning as if from sand in throat.
Pain in left tonsil, as if a husk was sticking there, particularly when speaking and swallowing ; interior of throat red, exterior very sensitive to touch and motion.
Sensation as of a lump in throat.

Appetite, thirst. desires, aversions

Great thirst, alternating with aversion to all kinds of drinks. θ Jaundice.
Thirst, with dryness of mouth.
Great thirst, alternating with aversion to drink.
Appetite either increased or decreased.
Want of appetite. θ Hemorrhoids.
Increased appetite.
Canine hunger, alternating with loathing of food. θ Jaundice.

Eating and drinking

Nausea before breakfast, gone after it.
Before dinner chilliness.
Heat in head, after dinner from exertion.
After eating solids, belching for hours, and soreness continuing whole night.
Worse after spirituous drinks.
Mouth and fauces dry and sticky, especially in morning ; relieved after eating.

Hiccough, belching, nausea and vomiting

Hiccough.
Frequent eructations, alternating with yawning.
Bitter eructations.
After eating solids, belching for hours, and soreness continuing all night.
Eructation and gaping, abating complaints and pains.
Eructations without bad taste, or smell.
Frequent belching. θ Hemorrhoids.
Bilious eructations.
Violent heartburn.
Nausea ; before breakfast ; after dinner.
Nausea in morning.
Vomiting of meals.

Scrobiculum and stomach

Very slow digestion.
Pressure in stomach. θ Hemorrhoids.
Pressure in stomach, as if it would burst, also stinging and burning.
Chilliness in region of stomach, ceasing after vomiting.
Violent stinging, burning, peculiar pain in stomach, similar to heartburn, but much worse, also extending upward into œsophagus.
Pit of stomach puffed up.

Hypochondria

Diseases of liver.
Pressure, also stitching in region of liver.
In hypochondriac region, near border of false ribs, about three inches from linea alba, violent sticking pains for a quarter of an hour, increased by pressure, extending across into region of stomach.
Sticking, pressive pain in region of liver, increased by pressure, corresponding to region of gall-bladder, on a small spot, coming on spasmodically.
Shooting, pressing in region of gall-bladder after two hours ; often later, even on forty-sixth day.
Colic from gall-stones.
Bilious colic, followed by jaundice.
At a point about midway between right ant. sup. spinous process of ileum and umbilicus, a sudden, sharp, severe pain, often extending towards groin, sometimes extending upward to right hypochondrium, exceedingly severe, lasting three to twelve seconds, coming frequently induced by
exercise, e. g., walking, and more frequent and more severe the greater the amount of exercise ; the day before the prescription was made, he had had thirty or forty attacks, having walked and stood a great deal.
Violent stabbing pain in region of liver took his breath, had to bend over.
Sharp, pinching pains in liver, which come suddenly and with great severity ; at times caused him to hold his breath, to bend over and to get red in face ; pink sediment in urine ; feces black, or very dark, very adhesive to commode ; frequent urging to urinate ;
feces scanty, requiring an effort to expel.
Drawing-tearing in left hypochondrium, with sensation during inspiration as if something was torn loose.
Pressure in left hypochondrium, backward, drawing downward.
Contracting, forcing sensation in left abdomen, upper part, < in left hypochondrium towards navel.
Tearing, drawing, stinging and jerking in left hypochondrium.
(In sick :) Cramplike contraction in splenic region.
(In sick :) Violent burning, like heartburn, in left hypochondrium, extending upward into œsophagus.

Abdomen and loins

Rumbling in bowels.
Constant troublesome bloatedness of abdomen, with occasional forcible and noisy discharges of flatus. θ Jaundice.
Pain in colon descendens.
Colic-like pains, especially about navel.
Pain in region about three inches to side of navel, corresponding to a place in front of kidneys, and rather to sides, mostly sticking, often extending to lumbar region or to groins, liver, spleen, or stomach.
Burning pain in or under skin of abdomen.
Shooting pains in epigastrium, particularly left side, increased by inspiration, motion, or touching, attended with short breath and distension of abdomen.
Periodical pressure from inside outward, in left side near navel.
Pain on a small spot in left side.
Compression and contraction in sides of abdomen, particularly in left one.
Biliary colic, followed by jaundice.
Whirling in stomach and abdomen.
Visceral motions, like efforts to stool.
Wandering, tearing, stinging pain in abdominal muscles.
Stitching tearing or burning in skin of abdomen, mostly about navel.
Turgid veins.
Old yellow spots around navel peeling off.
Pressure and tension in groins, as if a hernia would develop ; especially when walking and standing.
Itching, or pressure in region of inguinal glands, with pain from touch as if they would swell.
In inguinal region a pressing, squeezing tension, stinging and cutting, extending towards thighs, or proceeding from hips to inguinal region and thighs.
Burning, smarting pain in right inguinal fold, with tension on motion.
In right inguinal region near abdominal ring, some varicose veins.

Stools and rectum

Frequent ineffectual urging to stool.
Constant feeling as though she must go to stool.
Looseness, with viscous slime. θ Hemorrhoids.
Watery evacuations.
(In sick :) Painful diarrhœa with rumbling ; a sensation of burning and pain in descending colon ; it burns down and out at anus ; never at night.
Easy, soft, copious evacuation, like diarrhœa.
Several copious, thick mushy stools.
Diarrhœa ; mush-like yellowish discharges, with rumbling and passing of wind ; squeamishness, much thirst ; heat in face, and dulness of head ; afterwards in evening, increased appetite.
Large, pappy, free stools, mostly with tenesmus before and after.
Scanty, thin-formed stool, hard or soft.
Clay-colored stools ; occasional pain in big toe and leg, up to shoulder ; sometimes pain in bladder ; urine scalds.
Changing stool, irregular, costive or loose. θ Hemorrhoids.
Small, indurated, intermitting stool.
Hard stool, like sheep's dung, passed only after much straining.
Constipation.
Intense pain before and with stool, as from constriction in rectum, preventing passage of feces.
Burning, stitching pain during, before and after stool.
A long-continued sensation after stool, as if one had just been to stool, or as if one had just recovered from a pain in anus.
Painful pressure in perineum ; stitches in perineum, expending deep into (l. side) pelvis. θ Fistula in ano.
Smarting pain in anus.
Soreness in anus, with burning ; pain when touched, and great sensitiveness when sitting.
Burning, stinging pain in anus, before, during and after stool.
Tearing extending around anus.
Bearing down in anus and in sacrum.
In anus pressure, and tenderness after evacuation, fulness, rasping and stinging, burning, itching, crawling and throbbing.
Herpes around anus.
Copious discharge of black blood per anum after increased exercise.
Hemorrhoids, with itching or burning, particularly after stool, which frequently is hard and covered with blood.
Large hemorrhoidal tumors with itching and burning.
Fistula in ano, with itching there ; short cough and chest complaints.
Fistula since two or three months, with a troublesome short cough and morbid appearance ; after Berb. 18 cent., cough ceased in forty-eight hours, fistula improved for two weeks ; then a biliary colic which he had not had for three years, but frequently before (Coloc.) ;
fistula improving ; furuncle appeared for several weeks ; a kind of tetter on edge of anus remained.
Fistula recti when attended with bilious symptoms.
A crust formed about anus.

Urinary organs

In lumbar and renal region a pressing straining, shooting or bruising pain, extending to thighs, with stiffness, numbness and sensation of warmth, which prevents raising body and rising up.
Pressive or tensive pain in region of loins and kidneys, sometimes on one side, sometimes on both or frequently across small of back, at times extending downward into posterior portion of pelvis, of thighs, and even to calves, with a feeling of stiffness and
lameness, or swelling of back or lower extremities.
Sticking or sticking-pressing pain, at times slight, at times very sensitive, in one or other lumbar region, now in a small spot which is a simple sticking, now in a larger place, when it is chiefly pressing, either exactly in region of kidneys, or at times extending above or below, but
especially outward, so that it extends around side of abdomen in front or to region of hips, sometimes also in spine and extending down to small of back, and region of bladder and groins, sometimes fine, sometimes dull ; sticking sometimes extends from region of kidneys straight forward
into abdomen, and at times with a numb, paralyzed, bruised sensation, frequently returning and lasting a long time.
Tearing pain in region of both kidneys, soon after rising in morning, which extends sideways and forward, both upward and downward, so that whole region of back between pelvis and thorax is affected.
Tearing, or tearing-sticking pain in region of loins and kidneys, usually < on one side, frequently at same time in small of back, as if region was crushed or bruised, with a feeling of stiffness, so that it was difficult for her to rise from sitting, hands must assist in rising,
sometimes also involving hip, nates, upper and posterior portion of extremities ; at times also with a sensation of numbness.
Pressive or tensive pains in region of loins and kidneys, with a feeling of stiffness and lameness, or swelling, in back and lower limbs (Kali carb.) without stiffness and lameness.
Tearing pulsating pain in right kidney.
(In sick :) Sharp pain in right kidney, near spine, from there downward into bladder.
Lancinating or tearing-pulsative pains in region of kidneys ; < when stooping and rising again, sitting or lying ; > when standing.
Cutting pain from left kidney into bladder, urethra, and in penis.
Stitches from kidneys to bladder and urethra.
Stinging, burning, gnawing pain on a small spot near kidneys, increased by pressing hard upon, and moving frequently downward or forward.
Stitching or tearing in renal region and adjoining parts, with numbness and soreness, increased by hard external pressure.
A sticking-digging, or digging-tearing pain in one or other kidney region, as if it was suppurating ; < by deep pressure.
Some stitches in one or other lumbar regions, especially in region of kidneys, at times fine, at times dull, at times as if a nail was sticking in, and so violent and sudden that it stops breath ; from without in.
Burning and soreness in region of kidneys.
Burning stitches, single or several in succession, in region of loins and kidneys.
Much pain, soreness and tenderness in back, in region of kidneys. θ Rheumatism of knee.
Symptoms in region of kidneys < in stooping and getting up : more while sitting or lying than in standing.
Pain, weakness and trembling in region of kidneys after riding.
Sensitiveness in region of kidneys so great that any jarring motion, riding in a wagon, jumping from it, was intolerable. θ Rheumatism.
After kidney complaints a foul, bitter taste, rush of blood to throat ; great appetite, hasty eating ; urine has reddish sediment.
Frequently recurring, crampy, contractive pain, or aching pain, in bladder, when bladder is full or empty.
Great urging, with pain in neck of bladder, with burning, scanty urine.
Pressure and contraction in vesical region when pressed upon, with burning in urethra.
Cutting, constrictive pain in bladder.
Violent, cutting, tensive pain, deeply seated in left side of bladder, at last becoming a sticking, obliquely in female urethra, as if in its orifice, lasting a few minutes.
Painful cuttings in left side of region of bladder extend into urethra, coming from left kidney along course of ureter.
Violent sticking pains in bladder, extending from kidneys into urethra, with urging to urinate.
Drawing sticking pain in one or other side of bladder, extending down into female urethra, often arising in lumbar region and extending along course of ureters.
Burning pain in bladder, sometimes when it is full, sometimes when empty, soon after urinating, several times, frequently also in morning before urinating for first time.
Pain in bladder when moving.
Cutting or burning in urethra ; < when not urinating ; frequently more on one side.
A stitch from within outward in left side of female urethra.
Stitches in urethra, extending into bladder.
Most violent burning and shooting in orifice of urethra, after climaxis ; æt. 50.
Urine smells like coffee.
Urine increased and clear, with small slimy sediment, at beginning and during exacerbation of complaints.
Greenish turbid urine, depositing mucus.
Pale yellow urine, either with a slight transparent, gelatinous sediment, which is not deposited, or a turbid, flocculent, clay-like, copious mucous sediment, mixed with a white or whitish-grey and later a reddish, mealy sediment.
Urine bright yellow, with profuse mucous sediment.
Urine dark, bright yellow, or red, with sediment.
Inflammatory red urine.
Blood red urine, which speedily becomes turbid and deposits a thick mucous and bright red, mealy sediment, slowly becoming clear, but always retaining its bright red color, with violent pains in kidneys.
Urine dark, turbid with copious sediment. θ Jaundice.
Urine contains a clear mucous sediment.
Much mucus, tough and in threads.
Urine lessened, and with copious, slimy sediment, when complaints abate.
Urine has a transparent, jelly-like sediment.
Copious, slimy urine, with a white grey, reddish furfuraceous sediment, and yellowish-red crystals.
Passes small calculi.
Frequent urging to urinate.
In derangements of urinary or genital apparatus, with aggravation from slight fatigue, getting < as fatigue increases.
Movement brings on or increases urinary difficulties.
Constant urging, with pain in neck of bladder, mostly burning and scanty discharge.
Urine very slow to flow, with much pain and pressure in region of bladder in front. θ Rheumatism in knee.
Urine warmer, and attended with pain in lumbar and renal region.
Urinary symptoms are improved by rest.
During urination, burning in urethra, with pressure on bladder.
Pain in hips while urinating.
After urinating, a sensation in bladder, as if one must go again soon, or as if some urine remained behind.
After urination, burning in urethra or bladder ; pressure in bladder ; cutting, burning and stitches in urethra.
Violent urging after urinating, particularly in morning.
With symptoms in urinary organs, pain in loins and hips.

Male sexual organs

Suppressed sexual desire.
Depressed sexual function, excitement too short, ejaculate too soon.
Straining during and after ejaculation of semen.
Great prostration in sexual parts after coition.
During coition, too weak and too short thrill ; ejection too soon and imperfect.
Weakness and insensibility of male parts.
Sensation of weakness and unexcitability in parts, especially after urinating.
Stinging, crawling, itching and throbbing in genitals.
Pain in genitals, increased by motion.
Burning in urethra.
Smarting, burning pains in spermatic cord, with several stitches, now on one, now on other side.
Dragging or lancinating pains in spermatic cord, extending into testicles.
In spermatic cord straining, burning, with stitching, drawing and pressure, extending to testicles.
Soft, pulpy swelling of spermatic cord, especially in lower portions, several times when walking, with at times drawing, burning, smarting, or tearing pains ; at times also when sitting, with pain extending down into testicles, especially epididymis.
Most excruciating pain extends along urethra into bladder, into testicle, which is drawn up on affected side.
Drawing pain in spermatic cord of right, frequently of left side, extending down into testicles, or up into abdominal ring.
Neuralgia and inflammation of spermatic cord, testicles and epididymis.
Drawing from right or left testicle to spermatic cord.
Constricting pain in testicles, with contraction and retraction of scrotum.
Testicles drawn up.
Sensation of coldness in testicles.
A cutting-stinging, straining, burning, crawling and pressing in testicles.
Penis hard and contracted all along upper part, bending it upward. θ With an old man.
A hard string along upper part of penis.
Burning at very point of penis within canal. θ Kidney disease.
Stinging in penis and glans.
Rasping-burning, particularly on left side, also on glans and prepuce.
Coldness and numb feeling in prepuce and glans.
Cold feeling in prepuce and scrotum.
Scrotum shrunken, cold, with pressure in testicles.
Itching on scrotum.
Soreness, especially on left side of scrotum.

Female sexual organs

Suppressed sexual desire with long-delayed thrill, and frequently cutting and stitching in parts during coition.
Complete want of pleasurable sensation during coition. θ Ovarian disease.
Discharge too late and painful.
Coition is painful.
After coition, weakness of parts.
Menses : scanty, of black drops or filthy slime ; too scanty and painful, with pain in small of back ; consisting of grey mucus or brown blood ; fetid lumps ; too slight, of watery blood, or grey mucus ; too short.
Catamenia every three weeks.
The menses at the proper time, but too small in quantity, too short, resembling somewhat the washings of flesh.
Suppressed menstruation.
Uterine symptoms are at first intensified, then relieved by exertion.
For some days previous to catamenia, violent tearing in limbs, with severe pain in back.
At beginning of menstruation, violent pain in kidneys.
The menstruation attended in first days with pressure to towards parts, stitches, rasping in vagina, burning and soreness in anus.
The menses succeeded by excessive lassitude and vehement shooting headache.
Pain during catamenia is often in kidneys or down thighs and calves of legs, again in head and sometimes all over body.
(OBS :) Painful menstruation.
During menses : pain in back ; pressure and tension in upper arm and shoulders, extending to neck ; vehement tearing through whole body, particularly left side ; pain in kidneys ; stitches in breast ; vehement pressing headache ; painful distended
abdomen ; exhaustion, faintness, shivering, very jaded countenance, irksomeness and weariness of life.
After menses : great lassitude with tearing and stitching in head ; pain in small of back and loins ; pressure in mamma, especially at nipple, with sensation as if mamma was swollen ; stitches in left mamma.
Acrid leucorrhœa, very prostrating.
Sticking pains in female urethra, beginning in bladder.
Burning pain in female urethra during and after urinating.
Burning in urethra, along whole length of it.
Pains in external genitals increased by motion.
Violent sticking in left side of abdomen, two fingers breadth from navel, extending in long stitches into left side of vagina ; smarting pain in vagina ; burning, violent pain and soreness in anus.
Shooting-stinging from perineum deep into female parts.
Sensation of burning and soreness in vagina, frequently very sensitive, especially in anterior portion, even extending to labia.
Vagina painful to touch.
Vulva itching and burning ; < walking or sitting, > lying.
Sudden lancinating in vagina, causing her to start, with soreness of wall of vagina to touch, < walking.
Stitches from inside outward, with tenderness of vagina.
Intensely painful vagina ; burning, sore, as if excoriated.
Vagina reddened ; uterus sunken.
During climaxis, burning in urethra.

Pregnancy. parturition. lactation

Sore gums during dentition.

Voice and larynx. trachea and bronchia

Hoarseness, with pain or inflammation of tonsils.
Tearing in throat, upward, particularly left side, with stiffness.

Respiration

Oppression, with fluent coryza, mostly at night.
Stitches affecting respiration.
With inhalation, stitching between shoulders, from back through chest.
Shortness of breath when going up-stairs.
Obstruction of breath when raising arm.
Breathing increases colic.
Sensation during inspiration as if something was torn loose.

Cough

Tormenting, dry, short cough, with stitches in chest.

Inner chest and lungs

Stitches in and around clavicle, also pulsation and burning.
Pressure behind left nipple.
Rawness and soreness in chest, like during catarrh.
Stitches in chest ; increased by deep inspiration, with short, dry cough.
Cutting contraction in chest, to abdomen, compels to bend over.
Stitches in chest (l. side).
Stitches in anterior and middle of breast, particularly when inspiring deeply, attended with a dry, hacking cough.
Drawing-tearing occasioned by stretching arm.
Tearing in chest, particularly in left side, towards shoulders and back.
Shooting pain deep in front of middle chest.
Sticking pain, or sticking pain with pressure in chest.
Violent, sudden, incisive, contractive pain, in front part of chest, extending down to abdomen, obliging him to bend double.
Lancinations from lower dorsal vertebræ through chest, arresting breathing.
Deep-seated, acute, lancinating pain in either iliac bone, extending obliquely inward and downward towards small of back, with bubbling stitches darting into part to a considerable depth.

Heart, pulse and circulation

Painful dragging-sticking in region of heart, outward and downward.
Very painful contracting urging-shooting in region of heart, working from in out and up down ; next day palpitation.
Squeezing and stinging about heart.
Stitches about heart.
Frequent palpitation.
Slow, weak pulse.
Pulse slow and weak, or full, hard and rapid.

Outer chest

Stitching, pulsating, pressing, or tensive pains in muscles of chest.
Corrosive feeling in skin of chest.
Itching returns after scratching, with smarting stitches or burning.
Pimples on chest and scapulæ.
Stitches in gland pectoral and its vicinity.
Pressure behind left nipple.

Neck and back

Sudden stitch darting from side of neck into upper arm.
Tension in neck.
Tearing in throat upward, particularly in left side, with stiffness.
Stiffness in neck half-sided, with a sensation of inward swelling.
Pain as if bruised or swollen, from right scapula to shoulder joint.
Tearing in and between scapulæ.
Tearing between shoulders, extending to occiput ; increased when lifting.
Tearing between shoulders ; also between shoulders and spine, with oppression of chest ; in point of shoulder blade, from shoulders to loins.
Drawing in shoulders ; stitches between shoulders, particularly when breathing, below left shoulder ; from back through breast, interrupting breathing.
Tearing in spine.
Stitches in spine.
Tearing, pressing ; burning and tension in back.
Pressure in back, as if bones would be pressed asunder, with heaviness, numbness, vibration and warmth, disappearing after expulsion of wind.
Squeezing in back with efforts to stool.
Great soreness and pain through entire back from sacrum to shoulders, greatly increased whenever patient performed any labor. θ Fistula in ano.
In back as if beaten, disabled and stiff.
Backache, worse while sitting or lying, mostly in morning, when awaking.
Sticking pain, or sticking with pressure frequently recurring, and long continued in one or other lumbar region, at times in kidneys, at others a little above and below, extending outward and forward inside of abdomen, or region of hip, or dorsal spine, or small of back, into region of
bladder or groin, or from kidneys straight into abdomen, with numbness and lameness, as if bruised.
Painful pressure and tension in lumbar and renal region, sometimes with sensation of numbness, puffiness, warmth, stiffness and lameness, extending at times into lower limbs.
Tearing pain in posterior portion of iliac crest, usually only to one side, extending downward into gluteal muscles, or into bones.
Deep-seated, sensitive sticking pain in ilium of one or other side, an inch to an inch and a half from spine, extending obliquely inward towards sacrum.
If she stooped, lower part of back felt stiff, it was with difficulty she could stand up ; tearing when sitting, < when standing ; > in afternoon.
A feeling of warmth in lower part of back, and in small of back, as if lumbar region was asleep, extending down into sacrum, hips, and posterior portion of thighs.
Pressive-tensive, or pressing sensation in sacrum ; deep, internal when severe, with a feeling as if bones would be forced asunder ; < when sitting and lying.
Violent pain in sacrum. θ Hemorrhoids.
Constant pulsating stitches in sacrum.
Bruised pain, with stiffness in small of back ; rises from a seat with difficulty.
Numbness in small of back.
Pain in small of back ; < when sitting and lying in morning, when awaking. θ During menstruation.

Upper limbs

Sudden stitch darting from side of neck into upper arm.
Tearing in shoulder.
Vehement, intense pains on point and outside of shoulder blade, towards shoulder joint, and extending to elbow ; with a sensation as if beaten.
In shoulder joint pains as if from straining ; in motion, increased by pressing upon.
Stretching, tearing, stinging, throbbing pains in shoulders.
Sensation of heaviness in axilla.
Itching, smarting and burning in axilla.
Gurgling feeling in shoulder, with sensation as of something alive in joint, especially about midnight.
A rheumatic, paralytic-like pain in right shoulder, and some stitches over left eye.
In upper arm drawing, stinging, tearing on an isolated spot.
Sudden stitches, jerking, tearing into bones of upper arm.
Violent pain in sinew of biceps, after lifting something, extended upward and downward, when moving arm.
Throbbing in arm.
Stitches in left upper arm.
Arms pain as if bruised ; feel weak and lame.
Gurgling feeling in muscles of right upper arm.
Heaviness and lameness of arms.
Pressure and heaviness in arm, which sinks down.
Numbness and disabledness on external side of arm ; increased when arm hangs down.
Cold arms.
Soreness, with burning and painfulness to touch of skin about arms when sitting.
Blotches like nettlerash on upper arm, scaling off.
Lymphatic swelling in flexors of arm, with petechia-like spots, and burning.
Dingy red marbled spots on arms, with bruised pain.
Pimple on point of each elbow, much inflamed after rubbing.
In elbow joint drawing, tension, tearing, stinging or burning.
Tearing from elbow joint into ulna and hand, with heaviness and infirmity.
Petechiæ, small and red, with white spots on forearm and backs of hands.
Pressing pains in inner side of forearm.
Lymphatic swelling of flexors of left forearm, with spots like petechiæ.
Tearing along radius.
Stitches along ulna.
Pressure in wrist, as if after spraining or straining.
In back of hand a pressing shooting, with vibration and sensation of heaviness.
Burning pains in hands increased by friction.
Pain in wrist after exertion with hand.
Sensation as if drops of cold water were sprinkled on back of hand on going into open air.
Tearing along metacarpal bones.
Tearing, violent stitches towards metacarpus.
Tearing on back of fingers, chiefly in joints, frequently with stiffness, heaviness and swelling of joints ; < by moving and touching.
Burning stitches in fingers.
Vibrating pain in fingers.
Stitches extending to points of fingers.
Tearing in points of fingers.
Redness of points and backs on fingers, with itching ; after chilblains.
Pain under nails, with tenderness to touch.
Small warts on balls of hand and on middle finger.
Small, flat, semitransparent pimples, or rudimentary warts on fingers.

Lower limbs

Pain in hips. θ Kidney disease.
Drawing-stretching pain in thigh, as if it was too short.
Tearing-shooting pains in thighs.
Throbbing in thigh.
Stitches from outside inward in thighs.
Stitches at intervals in sitting or while walking, either through, across thighs, or from hip down to foot.
A peculiar, spongy sensation, as if feeling was lost in left thigh, from hip to knee ; cupping brought no blood ; has to limp in walking on account of pain in left thigh.
Sensation of icy coldness on small spots on thigh.
Burning in thigh, mostly before catamenia.
Touch is painful even through her dress, with burning of thigh.
Pain in thighs, < from changes of weather, mostly before heavy wind.
Varices, from groins down thighs.
Spasm in knee, extending to calf and thigh, when firmly leaning upon.
Spasm, with vibration and heaviness in knee.
Burning, stinging, tearing, pressing, < by stretching leg.
Stinging in joint of knee, particularly on inner side, when walking.
Tension in bend of knee, as if tendons were too short.
Tired, bruised and lame feeling in knee.
Sensation in knees as if palsied, weary and beaten, after walking, and when arising from seat.
Left knee twice size of the other, very stiff, sore and painful. θ Rheumatism.
Swollen veins in bend of knee.
Tearing, stinging, spasm and tension in calf of leg, during and after motion, attended with vibration, heaviness, stiffness and numbness.
Cramp in calf of leg.
Tearing pain in tibia.
Tearing and stinging in shin and tendo-achillis.
In shin bone straining pressure, with vibration.
Lower limbs pain as if beaten, with heaviness ; can scarcely rise from seat.
Twitching, as from something alive in legs.
Wasting of lower limbs.
Sensation as if sprained in muscles and bones of lower limbs.
Itching and swelling of legs, preceded by chill and heat.
Great swelling, pain and stiffness, could not raise foot high enough to walk on rough ground, would catch his toe and fall. θ Rheumatism of knee.
Pain when raising foot, preventing flexion.
Above external ankle a violent pain in bones and sinews when touched.
In ankle joint tearing upward and downward.
Pressure in inner ankle and tearing towards heel.
Tearing in ankles, particularly the left.
Sensation of coldness on ankle joint.
Rending and pricking on forepart of ankle joint.
In external ankles tearing and shooting, extending to little toe and preventing motion.
Lymphatic swelling of tendo-achillis of left leg, with an ugly red spot.
Lymphatic swelling of tendo-achillis and heels ; often tension, drawing, rending, during or after standing or walking ; stitches in walking or sitting, pain as if over-strained.
Swelling burns, itches, skin peels off ; pain when lifting foot ; heavy and sore when stretching.
In heels tearing and stinging, deep into bone, when walking and stepping.
Heels pain as if ulcerated, when standing.
Pain when stretching foot.
Tingling in foot, as if after freezing.
Sudden stitches in feet, causing hobbling.
Stitches from inside outward in feet, when traveling in a carriage.
Vehement stinging when stepping on foot, terminating in numbness.
Violent stitches from outward, or from below upward in foot.
Piercing, burning, or pricking pain in foot.
Tearing, attended with stitches and burning in foot.
Rending upward and drawing forward in foot.
Stitches, burning, itching, smarting, pain and cold feeling in feet, like as if frozen.
Soreness, burning, pricking and itching on foot.
Itching and burning stitches in foot.
Pain, like a festering under skin of feet, after long standing.
Pains, with swelling of sinews in foot.
Rending, burning and itching on dorsum of left foot ; < by scratching.
Stitches between metatarsal bones, like from a nail, when standing.
Pain in metatarsus, as if sprained and swollen.
Sinews of sole of foot as if contracted.
Rending, crawling and sensation of warmth in sole of foot.
Tearing in balls of feet, with pain when stepping on them.
Stitches extending to big toe.
Stitches in ball of big toe ; in joints of toes.
At every step stinging in big toe.
In tip of big toe a pain, as from a blow.
Single jerks in toes, particularly in joints.
On back of foot rending in all directions, terminating in points of toes.
Stitches in points of toes, chiefly outward.
Burning-crawling, itching, vibration and sensation of warmth in toes.
Burning, pricking or soreness in toes, with redness, as after slight freezing ; tight shoes are intolerable.
Violent pain, as if toe would suppurate.

Limbs in general

Tearing, stitching, or throbbing and tearing in limbs.

Rest. position. motion

Bending over : compelled by cutting contraction in chest to abdomen ; pain in hepatic region better.
Sitting : anxiety ; anus very sensitive ; pain in renal region < ; pain in left spermatic cord ; vulvar itching and burning < ; backache < ; skin of arms painful to touch < ; stitches in thighs ; stitches in tendo-achillis and heels.
Rising from a seat : sensation in knees as if palsied.
Standing : anxiety ; pain in groins < ; pain in renal region > ; pain left spermatic cord ; painful swelling of tendo-achillis and heels ; stitches between metatarsal bones.
Lying : pain in renal region < ; vulvar burning and itching > ; backache < ; crawls.
Arm hanging down : numbness worse.
Raising arm : obstruction in breathing.
Raising foot : pain preventing flexion.
Exertion : heat in head ; pain in wrist ; uterine symptoms at first <, then > ; inclination to sweat.
Walking : pain between anterior superior spine of ileum and umbilicus < ; pains in groins < ; vulvar itching and burning < ; pain in vagina < ; stitches in thighs ; stinging in knee joint ; painful swelling of tendo-achillis and heels ; great weakness.
Ascending : shortness of breath.
Motion : anxiety ; headache < ; pain in epigastrium < ; pain in right inguinal region < ; pain in bladder ; urinary difficulties < ; pain in genitals < ; pain in finger joints ; eye symptoms < ; pain in calf.
Stooping or rising : vertigo ; heaviness in head ; headache < ; pains in renal region worse.

Nerves

General relaxation, not inclined to do anything.
Great weakness, like fainting, while walking and after a walk, with perspiration and heat on upper part of body ; cold, pale, sunken face and oppression of breathing.
Lamed all over with warm feeling in lower part of back and sacrum.
Fainty feeling, with weakness and giddiness.
Faintness, with giddiness or agitation of blood, perspiration and heat of upper half of body, coldness and sallowness of face, and oppression on chest.
Lassitude, disability and soreness, increased by pressure ; frequently connected with stiffness, heaviness, vibration, numbness and torpor, also with a sensation as if swollen.
Exhaustion to cause trembling and knocking together of knees.

Sleep

Gaping and eructation.
Great sleepiness during day and after dinner.
Sleepiness by day ; feels tired, must lie down.
Sleepiness early in evening.
When going to bed, fainty.
When lying down, crawls.
In bed, anxious feeling.
Slumber with phantasma.
Anxious dreams.
Restless, dreamful sleep, with frequent waking and congestion of blood to head.
During night awakened by violent thirst, profuse sweat, or itching-burning stitches.
Getting awake at night, with excitement, congestion and tension in head.
Difficult awaking in morning, succeeded by pains in head and back, exhaustion and want of recollection.
Sleep unrefreshing.
Mind and body relaxed after sleep.
Frequent eructations, alternating with yawning.

Time

Morning : headache < ; sticky, dry eyelids ; catarrh more copious ; empyreumatic smell and taste ; mouth and fauces dry, sticky and viscid ; scratching in throat ; nausea ; tearing pain in kidneys ; burning pain in bladder ;
violent urging after urinating ; backache < ; difficulty in getting awake ; chill, with cold feet.
At 11 A. M. : coldness of body ; heat of face.
Morning until afternoon ; alternating chilliness and heat.
During day : great sleepiness.
Afternoon ; heat in head ; heat extends over face ; backache > ; heat.
Twilight : terrifying apparitions ; objects appear twice as large as natural.
Evening : itching on scalp and face ; eyelid covered with vesicles, oozing fluid ; shooting behind ear < ; increased appetite ; sleepiness early ; chill succeeded by heat and anxiety ; sweat.
Night : oppressed respiration, with coryza < ; belching and soreness after eating solids ; awakened by violent thirst, profuse sweat or burning stitches ; awakens with excitement ; sweat ; heat.
Midnight : gurgling feeling in shoulder, with sensation a of something alive in joint.

Temperature and weather

Air : teeth sensitive.
Open air : headache > : sensation as if cold drops were spurted into face ; sensation as if drops of cold water were sprinkled on back of hand.
Out-doors : eye symptoms worse.
Change of weather, mostly before heavy wind : pain in thighs.

Fever

Sensation of coldness on isolated spots, as if from cold metal, cold substances, or as if cold drops were sprinkled.
Running cold, and crawls in skin.
With chill pressure and dulness of head.
Chill before dinner, with icy cold feet ; dry, viscous mouth, without thirst.
Suffering parts chilly, in region of kidneys ; accompanied by gooseflesh.
Chilliness in region of stomach, ceasing after thirst.
Heat in face, extending over whole body, which is cool, without thirst.
Chill as if in bones, with warmth of skin.
Chills in back and backs of arms, as from cold water, evening before going to bed, afterwards warm.
Chills in back, extending to hips, as if produced by an icy cold wet handkerchief, in twenty minutes succeeded by warmth ; after a second attack swelling of tendo-achillis.
Shaking chills succeeded by heat.
Chill followed by heat with or without thirst.
Chill from face and arms to back and breast, succeeded by heat, with anxiety and oppression of chest, especially forenoon and evening.
Short crawl and shudder from up down through back and chest, followed by heat.
Chill in forenoon with cold feet, heat in afternoon and sweating evening or night.
Coldness of body, with heat of face, commencing at 11 A. M. ; heat and inclination to sweat at night.
Chill either on back or on arms and legs, followed by burning heat, increasing in night.
Cold feeling in eye, like from a cool wind, with lachrymation when closing eyes.
Chilliness, with hot face, followed by heat with perspiration ; or burning heat in afternoon, increasing during night.
In morning, chilliness with cold feet, pressing headache as if a catarrh would arise, heat in head ; in afternoon, general warmth and inclination to perspire.
Transient sensation of warmth at different places.
Fever heat in afternoon.
Heat in hands and head in afternoon.
With heat, anxiety, oppression of chest, shooting in head, thirst and often sore throat.
Inclination to sweat with least exercise.
Typhoid and putrid fevers.
(OBS :) Ague with enlargement of spleen or pains in region of spleen.

Locality and direction

Right : cold sensation in temple ; stitching behind ear ; dark red, painful spot on cheek ; pain at point between anterior superior spine of ileum and umbilicus to hypochondrium ; pain and varicose veins in inguinal region ; pain in kidney ;
pain from scapula to shoulder joint ; paralytic pain in shoulder ; gurgling feeling in muscles of upper arm.
Left : tearing in eye ; red spot on eyelid ; chronic catarrh of nostril ; pains in Highmorian cavity of side ; tearing in upper molar ; pain in tonsil ; pressure in hypochondrium ; shooting in side of epigastrium ; pain in perineum extends
deep into side of pelvis ; cutting pain in kidney ; pain side of bladder ; pressure behind nipple ; stitch side of female urethra ; swelling spermatic cord ; rasping burning side of penis ; soreness side of scrotum ; tearing through whole side of
body ; violent sticking side of abdomen ; pain in side of vagina ; tearing in side of throat ; pressure behind nipple ; stitches in side of chest ; paralytic pain in eye ; stitches in upper arm ; pain and spongy sensation as if feeling was lost in
thigh ; tearing in ankles ; itching on dorsum of foot.
Above downward : pain in spermatic cord, pain in colon ; pain in abdomen ; pain in chest ; pain in cardiac region ; pain in shoulders ; pain in elbows ; stitches in hips.
Below upward : tearing in throat ; tearing between shoulders ; pain in sacrum ; stitches in foot.
Behind forward : stitching between shoulders.
Within outward : pressure in forehead ; stitch in left side female urethra ; stitches in vagina ; pain in left side near navel ; pain in cardiac region.
Without inward : stitches in lumbar region ; stitches in thighs ; stitches in foot.

Sensations

As if brain would fall forward ; as if head was becoming larger ; as if a cap covered head and face ; as of sand in eyes ; as of a foreign body in internal canthus ; as if a nail was thrust through membrana tympani, or like sting of an insect ; as
if cold drops were spurted into face and on back of hand ; as if teeth were too long or too large ; as if gums were torn ; as from an awn in throat (stitching) ; as of a plug inside of throat ; as of sand in throat ; as of a husk sticking in left tonsil ;
as if something was torn loose in left hypochondrium ; as if one had just been to stool, in anus ; as if a nail was sticking in lumbar region ; as if lumbar region was asleep ; as if bones of back would be pressed asunder ; as of something alive in shoulder
joint ; in legs ; as if thigh was too short ; as if feeling was lost in thigh.
Lancinating : in region of kidneys ; in vagina ; from lower dorsal vertebra through chest.
Darting : in head.
Stabbing : in region of liver.
Stitches : above forehead and temples ; in forehead ; over l. eye ; from eyes to forehead ; in scalp and face ; in cheek and jaw bones ; in teeth ; in region of liver ; in skin of abdomen ; in rectum ; in perineum ; from kidneys
to bladder and urethra ; in urethra ; in thighs ; in spermatic cord ; in female parts during coition ; in vagina ; between shoulders ; through chest ; in and around clavicle ; about heart ; in muscles of chest ; from neck into arm ;
between shoulders ; from back through breast ; in spine ; in sacrum ; into bones of upper arm ; in left upper arm ; along ulna ; towards metacarpus ; to points of fingers ; in thighs ; in tendo-achillis ; in feet ; between
metatarsal bones ; to big toe ; in ball of big toe.
Burning stitches : in loins and kidneys ; in foot ; in fingers.
Piercing : in ear ; in hollow tooth ; in foot.
Sticking : in lumbar region ; in female urethra ; in left side of abdomen ; in chest ; in back ; in ilium.
Sticking-digging : in region of kidneys.
Sticking-pressing : in lumbar region.
Pricking : on edge of hair ; in point of nose ; on forepart of ankle joint ; in toes ; in foot.
Stinging : in facial bones ; in stomach ; in left hypochondrium ; in abdominal muscles ; in inguinal region ; in anus ; in leg ; in knee joint ; in calf of leg ; in shin and tendo-achillis ; in testicles ; in penis and
glans ; about heart ; in shoulders ; in upper arm ; in elbow joint ; in heels ; in feet ; in big toe.
Shooting : in head ; in eyes ; from knee to eye ; through eyes into brain ; from temples to eyes ; behind right ear ; in region of gall-bladder ; in epigastrium ; in lumbar and renal region ; in orifice of urethra ; in thigh ;
in chest ; in region of heart.
Shooting-stinging : from perineum into female parts.
Rending : on forepart of ankle joint ; in tendo-achillis on dorsum of left foot ; in sole of foot ; in temples and occiput ; in orbits ; in facial bones.
Cutting : in inguinal region ; from left kidney into bladder, urethra and penis ; in bladder ; in testicles ; in female parts during coition ; in chest.
Tearing : in forehead and orbits ; in temples ; in left eye ; in lids ; in ears ; in cheek and jaw bones ; in left upper molar ; in left hypochondrium ; in abdominal muscles ; in skin of abdomen ; around anus ; in region of
kidneys ; in right kidney ; in thigh ; in leg ; in calf of leg ; in tibia ; in tendo-achillis ; in throat ; in chest ; in and between scapulæ ; in spine ; in back ; in shoulders ; in upper arm ; in iliac crest ; into
bones of upper arm ; in elbow joint ; from elbow into ulna and hand ; along radius ; along metacarpal bones ; on back of fingers ; in points of fingers ; in ankle joint ; in external ankles to little toe ; in heels ; in foot ; in balls
of feet.
Tearing-shooting : in thighs.
Tearing-pulsating : in region of kidneys.
Tearing-sticking : in loins and kidneys.
Pressure : in forehead ; in temples ; in sinciput ; in eyes ; in ears ; in stomach ; in region of liver ; in region of gall-bladder ; in left hypochondrium ; in groins ; in perineum ; in anus ; in lumbar and renal
region ; in leg ; in spermatic cord ; in testicles ; behind left nipple ; in muscles of chest ; in back ; in sacrum ; in anus ; in inner side of forearm ; in wrist ; in ankle.
Pressing-shooting : in back of hand.
Drawing : in ears ; in left hypochondrium ; in spermatic cord ; in shoulders ; in upper arm ; in elbow joint ; in tendo-achillis.
Dragging-sticking : in cardiac region.
Drawing-sticking : in bladder.
Drawing-tearing : in left hypochondrium.
Drawing-stretching : in thigh.
Jerking : in left hypochondrium into bones of upper arm ; in toes.
Gnawing : on scalp and face ; in teeth.
Pinching : in liver.
Digging-tearing : in region of kidneys.
Biting : on scalp and face ; in eyes.
Burning : on scalp and face ; along edge of hair ; in eyes ; of conjunctiva ; of lids ; of face ; on cheeks ; in lips ; in throat ; in stomach ; in left hypochondrium ; in skin of abdomen ; in descending colon ; in
rectum ; in anus ; hemorrhoids ; in region of kidneys ; in urethra ; in bladder ; in orifice of urethra ; in thigh ; in leg ; in spermatic cord ; in testicles ; of glans and prepuce ; in female urethra ; in vagina ; in
skin of chest ; in back ; in axilla ; of skin about arms ; in elbow joint ; in hands ; in foot ; on dorsum of left foot ; in toes.
Smarting : on lids ; in canthi ; in nose ; in anus ; on chest ; in axilla ; in foot.
Corrosive feeling : in skin of chest.
Rawness : in chest.
Soreness : in anus ; in region of kidneys ; in left side of scrotum ; through entire back ; about skin of arms ; in toes ; in foot.
Aching : in bladder.
Sharp pain : in right kidney.
Gurgling : in shoulder ; in muscles of right upper arm.
Colic-like pains : about navel.
Bearing down : in anus and sacrum.
Tensive pain : in temples and forehead ; in region of loins and kidneys ; in bladder ; in muscles of chest.
Scraping : in teeth ; in throat.
Scratching : in throat.
Rasping : in anus ; in glans and prepuce ; in vagina.
Contracted feeling : in sole of foot.
Contraction : in left abdomen ; in splenic region ; in sides of abdomen ; in region of bladder ; of scrotum ; in chest ; in region of heart.
Constriction : in rectum ; pain in bladder ; in testicles.
Cramp : in calf of leg.
Crampy pain : in bladder.
Rheumatic pain : in right shoulder.
Bursting : headache.
Stretching pain : in shoulders.
Straining : headache ; in lumbar and renal region ; in sexual organs during ejaculation ; in spermatic cord ; in testicles ; shoulder joint pains as from straining.
Straining-pressure : in shin bone.
Sprained feeling : in wrist ; in muscles and bones of lower limbs ; in metatarsus.
Bruised feeling : in lumbar and renal region ; in knee ; from right scapula to shoulder joint ; in small of back ; in arms.
Beaten feeling : in back ; in shoulder blade, joint, and elbow ; in lower limbs ; in tip of big toe.
Crushed feeling : in region of loins and kidneys.
Squeezing : in facial bones ; in inguinal region ; about heart ; in back.
Ulcerative pain : in heels ; under skin of feet ; in toes.
Heaviness : in head ; in calf of leg ; in back ; in axilla ; of arms ; in back of hand ; in lower limbs.
Fulness : in head ; in anus.
Throbbing : in ears ; in anus ; in thigh ; in muscles of chest ; pains in shoulders ; in arm.
Tension : in skin of head and face ; in groins ; in bend of knee ; in calf of leg ; in neck ; in back ; in elbow joint ; in tendo-achillis.
Puffy sensation : in head.
Stiffness : in throat ; in back ; in calf of leg ; in neck.
Tingling : in foot.
Whirling : in stomach and abdomen.
Crawling : in nose ; in lips ; in anus ; in testicles ; in sole of foot ; in toes.
Formication : in upper lip ; around mouth and chin.
Vibration : in calf of leg ; in back ; in back of hand ; in fingers, painful ; in toes.
Numbness : in lumbar region ; in calf of leg ; in prepuce and glans ; in back ; in sacrum, hips and thighs ; on external side of arm ; in feet.
Paralyzed feeling : in region of kidneys ; in knees ; painful in right shoulder ; in arms.
Heat : in head ; of ears ; in face ; in back ; in sole of foot ; in toes.
Warmth : in back.
Lame feeling : all over.
Coldness : in right temple ; in eyes ; of ears ; in stomach ; on small spots of thigh ; in testicles ; of prepuce and glans ; of scrotum ; on ankle joint ; in feet.
Itching : on scalp and face ; in eyes ; of lids ; in canthi ; in eyebrows ; in nose ; on cheeks ; in lips ; in region of inguinal glands ; in anus ; hemorrhoids ; on scrotum ; in vagina ; on chest ; in
axilla ; of legs ; in feet ; on dorsum of left foot ; in toes ; in fingers.
Dryness : of eyes ; in internal canthus ; of lips ; in throat.

Tissues

In muscles : tension, shooting, tearing, pulsating, gurgling ; sensation as of something alive.
Rheumatic and gouty complaints, with diseases of urinary organs.
Muscular rheumatism in chest, lumbar region, and upper and lower limbs.
Hepatic, arthritic, and rheumatic affections, particularly with urinary, hemorrhoidal or menstrual complaints.
Distension of joints.
Bone pains.
Scraping upon bones.
Cold feeling at bones.
Varicose veins on many places.
Swollen varices.
Lymphatic swellings.
Acts most on eyes, liver, anus, kidneys, uterus and skin.
Disorders of uropoetic viscera.

Touch. passive motion. injuries

Touch : pimples painful ; tongue smarts ; teeth sensitive ; pain in epigastrium < ; pain in inguinal glands < ; pain in anus ; skin of arms painful ; tearing in finger joints ; nails sensitive ; pains in thighs < ; violent pain
above external ankle.
Friction : burning pains in hands < ; rasping and pricking in skin worse.
Pressure : pain in liver < ; pain in renal region < ; pain in vesical region ; pain in shoulder joint.
Lifting : tearing between shoulders to occiput worse.
Jar of riding or jumping : pain in renal region worse.
Riding in carriage causes pain in foot.
After riding : faintness.
Scratching : itching on dorsum of left foot < ; itching of scalp changes place.
Closing eyes : cold feeling as from cool wind, with lachrymation.
After riding much pain and great sense of weakness and trembling in region of kidneys, taking a long time to get over, sometimes days. θ Rheumatism of knees.

Skin

Jaundice, with pale, tough feces ; or with profuse, acrid, watery diarrhœa.
Old yellow spots around navel peeling off.
In skin much itching, biting, pricking and burning, with minute stitches, sometimes with increased sensation of warmth and with eruption.
Rasping and pricking in skin, increased by friction, and frequently succeeded by a red spot.
Burning, smarting, stitching or corrosive itching, which provokes scratching, though it soon returns at same or some other place.
Red spot on left eyelid, feels like a mosquito-bite, but swelling nearly closes eye ; next day other spots on face, behind ear, on neck ; third day on chin and nose, with itching and burning : in evening covered with small vesicles, oozing watery
fluid.
Red marbled spots ; with corrosive or bruised pain ; like petechia, with itching and burning.
Specks resembling nettlerash and patches on shoulders, arms and hands.
Efflorescence, especially on border of hairy part of head, on upper part of trunk and extremities.
Pimples, usually isolated, sometimes in groups.
Single, red pimples burning, itching, leaving brown liver spots.
Red pustules, with burning, itching and stitching ; sensitive to pressure ; changing into brown spots.
Furuncles. θ Fistula in ano.
Herpes around anus.
Itching or pressure in region of inguinal glands, with pain from touch as if they would swell.
Tumor behind ear, size of a hazelnut.
Clusters of red pimples, with red areola and small tips, containing pus ; changing to brown spots.

Stage of life, constitution

Especially suited where renal or vesical symptoms are prominent.
Bilious diathesis.
Male, æt. 34 ; for years indigestion from chronic gastritis, reduced in weight, pale, discouraged ; after improvement by Lycop. ; rheumatism of knee.
An old woman, æt. 70 ; heartburn of thirty years standing.

Relations

Antidotes to Berberis : Camphor., Bellad . (cerebral and febrile symptoms).
Berberis antidotes : Acon .
Compare : Aloes, Ant. tart., Arsen., Calc. ostr., Calc. phosph., Carb. veg., Chamom., Cinchon., Lycop., Natr. mur., Nitr. ac., Nux vom., Pulsat., Rheum.
Lycop ., an occasional dose, aided Berber . in curing rheumatism of knee.
Useful after Arnic., Bryon., Kali bichr., Rhus tox . and Sulphur in rheumatism.

Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica

James Tyler Kent · Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica · homeoint.org / Séror HTML text (Kent d. 1916; public domain)

Generalities

When we have finished the study of Berberis we will see that it is not a very extensive remedy, but it is a very important one.

Like Benzoic acid, it fits into the gouty and rheumatic sphere. It corresponds to such gouty conditions as do not determine to their proper places.

A low state of the economy is present; anaemic condition; feeble constitution; pallid and sickly, old and worn out; prematurely old and wrinkled men and women.

They are too feeble to determine the gouty deposits to the finger joints, where they naturally belong, and the trouble is yet, as it were, wandering around through the economy.

Wandering pains in the nerves, and nerve sheaths. The wandering, stitching, tearing, twinging pains that run through Berberis are found in old gouty constitutions, and that is where we get the greatest benefit from Berberis.

Pains and urines

Its proving would lead us to see it is similar to the wandering, twinging and tearing pains of old gouty constitutions, in persons who are pallid, and sickly, and chilly, where the deposits have not been so marked in the joints; but where the twinging in the fingers and in the toes are just such as are found - where the deposits do exist.

Of course in all of the gouty states we must look to the liver and kidneys for pains and various distresses; they are centers of observation, because these organs are more or less disturbed. And very often cardiac troubles go along with them.

The kidneys, liver, and heart are more or less disturbed in their functions and we see that Berberis takes hold of these organs. We have the uraemic state, and the state of disorder that ends in these conditions. We will have twinging pains along with kidney disturbances.

Irregularities of the urine. Copious discharges, alternating with scanty discharges. Light urine, and heavy urine, excessive deposits of uric acid and urates.

It is changeable, like Benzoic acid. These two remedies run very much together, yet their symptoms are wholly unlike. We find among these sensations that stitching pains are found in almost every region of the body, and they are all the time changing.

Wandering and stitching pains; little twinges. As you sit by his side and talk to a gouty patient-

"Ow," he will say. What does he mean by it?

He has had one of those twitching pains. The next thing he knows it is in his knee; then it is in his toes; then it is in his head, all over him.

Finally the gouty deposits become prominent in the fingers, and after the gout has determined itself, then we have sore fingers; but these corresponds more particularly to Ledum, Sulphur, Aesculus and Lycopodium , where the disease has become marked and has located in the joints.

In Berberis these twinging, tearing, stitching, burning pains are everywhere, they never remain in one place, but are always moving, and they are not often affected by motion.

Whether he moves, or keeps still, they keep coming. In a few instances we have pains aggravated by motion, but a very few in proportion to the many pains in Berberis.

He moves many times, because he cannot keep still. He moves, because he suffers. There are also many pressing pains. But the burning, stinging, tearing, stitching, wandering pains are the main feature, the grand feature of Berberis.

If you single them out in places, in a given joint, from that one joint they will radiate in every direction. If it is the knee joint, they will go up; and down, and every way; if it is the finger joint, they will run in every direction.

If it is the kidney, they will go down the ureters; if it is the liver, they will go down into the abdomen in every direction.

"Radiating from a particular point," is a distinguishing feature, and it puts Berberis almost alone for radiating pains. This is such a strong feature that Berberis, has cured renal colic in many instances because of its well known ability to shoot out in every direction.

It cures gall-stone colic when these little twinges go in every direction from that locality. We see these twinging, shooting pains in gouty constitutions are associated with urinary troubles, and with liver troubles, and we begin to lay a foundation for the study of Berberis.

The joints sometimes swell.

"Enlargement of the joints."

But the swelling is not so common as the pains without swelling. Soreness, lameness in the joints, with these radiating pains. There will be burning, stitching, tearing, and the pains will radiate and appear in one part of the body then in another.

"A pain in the heel as if it were ulcerating," and then the pain shoots off in every direction. Numbness. Lameness.

As to the heart, the pulse becomes slow. Very often it is slowed down astonishingly.

Mind

The mental symptoms are very defective, that is, we do not know the mental symptoms. There are a few. We know this, that the mind is weak, that he is unable to sustain a mental effort, and that he is forgetful.

"Defective recollection and weak memory. Terrifying apparitions in twilight."

It is not a strange thing for a child in the dark to imagine all sorts of things, because they have heard graveyard stories from old people; but with this remedy between the daylight and darkness he sees ghosts, imaginary forms - coming round him. It has melancholy, apathy, prostration of mind.

Head

Some dizziness. The headaches are of the game character as the general pains in uraemic subjects, where there is plenty of sand in the urine, red pepper deposit.

The head comes in for its share of these wander ing, pains. Stitching, tearing, twinging in the scalp; in the skull; in the eyes, ears, back of the head. Burning pains.

"A feeling in the head, as if it was becoming large," is a peculiar symptom; a puffy sensation.

Always putting the hand to the head; it feels as if he had on a skull-cap. It fits down over the brow, and it is not an uncommon thing with such patients to put the hand to the head to take off the cap.

"Feels as, if he had a cap on the head," when there is none there.

This symptom is not always described like a cap on the head. It is convertible into numbness of the scalp; many patients describe a sensation of numbness in the scalp, as if they had on a cap.

Some times patients will deny that it is a sensation of numbness, and say it is just a cap. At one time I fully believed the "cap" belonged to two sensations. If it was painful I placed it under "pressure." If it was not painful it was supposed to belong to "numbness;" but I have now made a new rubric, "the sensation of skull-cap," which I now think is entirely distinctive, from numbness; but they both have to be compared.

Eyes

Then the eyes take on that same gouty condition, with stitching, tearing pains, twinging pains, shooting pains. Shooting off in various directions.

There is one grand feature about Berberis, that it has no particular direction; it has all directions. Most remedies have pains taking a direction from one part to the other, pains going from the eye to the temple, etc., but in Berberis it cannot be said the pains go to any place in particular.

They are wandering pains and they radiate. Pains in the ears of the same character. In every part of the body we have these twinging, tearing, burning, shooting pains coming and going, causing the patient to scowl and make a sharp noise.

The patient has a sickly look; face pale, earthy complexion, with sunken cheeks and hollow, blue-encircled eyes.

That is a description of a sick face. Berberis has been very useful in phtisical conditions; and in the pains, and twinging, and sufferings in persons who have been operated on for fistula in ano.

When the fistula has been closed, these pains will come if it is a Berberis case. The kidney manifestations will come on, or the liver manifestations, or the enfeebled heart, or these wandering pains.

At one time feverish, full of pains, with violent thirst; alternating with the very opposite state.

Prostration land - aversion to water. Want of appetite at one time; canine hunger at another.

The stomach is disordered, digestion is glow and feeble, and we have manifestations usually known to patients as "bilious."

Liver

Eructations that are bitter and of bile. The liver is full of suffering.

In the liver we have these pains, and added to them sudden stabbing like a knife puncturing the liver. Shooting, tearing, burning, stitching, twinging pains, wandering from one place to another.

"Gall-stone colic."

These pains with jaundice. The liver seems to slow down in its actions, and the patients becomes, jaundiced.

The stool becomes white, bileless.

"Sharp, pinching pains in the liver, which come suddenly and with great severity. Violent stabbing pain in the region of the liver, taking his breath away. Had to bend double."

These pains last a moment and pass away. In gall- stone colic pains are spasmodic, increase in intensity and diminish, but do. not let up entirely.

Berberis when it is indicated will let the little gall-stone loose, and it will pass through, and the patient will take a long breath and wish he had sent for the doctor sooner. Any thing that is spasmodic can be relieved instantly.

Anus and Stools

Pains through the abdomen. Copious, thick, mushy stools, and these are yellow, like yellow corn meal mush.

"Diarrhoea; mush-like yellowish discharges."

"Clay-colored."

From what we have seen it is not surprising that it is clay-colored, that it is bileless, that it is white.

The action on the liver does that. When you have these symptoms associated, with radiating pains, and with wandering pains in broken down constitutions, persons who are suffering from cold, who are pallid and sickly, you have a Berberis case.

Then the patient becomes constipated, but the stool is white, or very light colored.

"Burning, stinging pain before, during, and after stool."

"Enlargement of the prostate gland, which causes a constant pressure in the perineum. Pressure as if there were a lump, or as if something was pressing down."

"Tearing extending around the anus. Herpes around anus. Fistula in ano."

Now the surgeons nearly all advocate that if there is a fistulous opening around the anus it must be operated upon. Homoeopathy cures such cases. I have, not operated on one for twenty years. The remedy that is indicated for the patient will cure the patient, and the fistula.

Above all things they should not be operated on. To close up that fistulous opening, and thus neglect the patient, is a very dangerous thing to do. Knowing all that I know, if such a trouble should come upon me and I could not find the remedy to cure it I would bear with it patiently, knowing I was keeping a much less grievance.

Nor I could I advise my patient to have, a thing done that I would not have done upon myself. It is a dangerous thing to operate upon a fistula in ano.

It is a very serious matter. If it is closed up, and that patient is leaning towards phthisis, he will develop phthisis; if he has a tendency towards Bright's disease, that will hasten it; if he threatens to break down in any direction; his weakest parts will be affected and he will break down.

Occasionally time enough elapses so that the physician who is ignorant does not see the relation between the two. But now that you have heard it, you can never forget it.

Kidneys

And then the kidneys and the urinary organs come in for their troubles. There is such a soreness in the lumbar region, in the region of the kidneys, that he can bear no pressure.

He cannot step down from a carriage to the pavement without letting himself down very carefully. A jar is a great shock to him, and sometimes the soreness is so great that he almost faints.

Soreness in the back; in the muscles of the back, and in the region of the kidneys; and this associated with all sorts of disturbances in the urine, with excessive deposits.

The kidneys radiate in every direction. Pains run up into the kidney, and they become worn out if he does not get relief, he will have some serious disease. Hence we have these symptoms.

"Burning and soreness in the region of the kidneys. Burning stitches, single or several in succession, in regions of loins and kidneys. Much pain, soreness and tenderness in back, in the region of the kidneys. Sensitiveness in the region of the kidneys so great that any jarring motion, riding in a wagon, jumping from it, was intolerable. After kidney complaints, a foul, bitter taste, rush of blood to the throat. Great urging, with pain in the neck of the bladder, with burning, scanty urine. Violent, cutting, tensive pain, deeply seated in left side of bladder, at last becoming a sticking, obliquely in female urethra, as if in its orifice, lasting a 'few minutes."

Now we see how these symptoms manifest themselves. Sore, inflamed, sensitive kidney, one or both.

And then, the formation of little calculi in the pelvis of the kidney - little stones like pinheads; and every now and then one of them takes a start down the ureter to the bladder, and, oh, how he suffers.

Then it is that the pains in the kidneys radiate in every direction. Pains run up into the kidneys and down into the bladder.

In the male they appear as if, they ran down the spermatic cord into the testes, and he is a great sufferer. You will, be astonished to know how quickly Berberis will relieve this particular kind of renal colic. Burning pain in the bladder; burning pain in the kidney.

"Urine dark, turbid with copious sediment. Urine very slow to flow. Constant urging."

The bladder becomes very irritable. Catarrhal conditions of the bladder. Smarting, burning, stitch ing pains. Many troubles, pains and aches in the spermatic cord and testes in gouty constitutions. Burning pains along these regions.

Berberis especially fits a woman who is tired, with a gouty constitution; though not old in years she is physically tired, so that all of her domestic affairs fret and tire her.

Coition becomes painful, and she has an aversion to it. The orgasm is delayed, or is entirely absent, and she is prostrated by it.

In all the affairs of her innermost life she is a drudge.

Full of twinging pains in all of her nerves.

"Burning in the female urethra. Burning pain in the vagina".

A lack of sensation normal to these parts in the woman.